Nokea
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a history of ongoing opioid use and has been hospitalized for surgery. After a visit by a friend, the nurse assesses that the patient is unresponsive with pinpoint pupils. Which of these prescribed medications will the nurse administer immediately?
- A. Naloxone
- B. Diazepam
- C. Clonidine
- D. Methadone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient's assessment indicates an opioid overdose, and naloxone should be given to prevent respiratory arrest. The other medications may be used to decrease symptoms associated with opioid withdrawal but would not be appropriate for an overdose.
You may also like to solve these questions
A patient who is alcohol-intoxicated must undergo emergency surgery for abdominal trauma. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate when caring for the patient in the perioperative period?
- A. An increased dose of the general anaesthetic medication
- B. Frequent monitoring for bleeding and respiratory complications
- C. Development of withdrawal symptoms within a few hours after surgery
- D. Stimulation every hour to prevent prolonged postoperative sedation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients who are intoxicated at the time of surgery are at increased risk for problems with bleeding and respiratory complications such as aspiration. In an intoxicated patient, a lower dose of anesthesia is used because of the synergistic effect of the alcohol. Withdrawal is likely to occur later in the postoperative course because the medications used for anesthesia, sedation, and pain will delay withdrawal symptoms. The patient should be monitored frequently for oversedation but does not need to be stimulated.
The nurse is caring for an adult patient who is experiencing acute intoxication. Which of the following time frames should the nurse anticipate for the resolution of acute intoxication responses?
- A. 4 hours
- B. 12 hours
- C. 24 hours
- D. 48 hours
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intoxication responses usually last less than 24 hours and are directly related to the ingestion of psychoactive substances.
The nurse is caring for a young adult who has a cocaine addiction. Which of the following routes of cocaine administration results in the fastest absorption and the highest 'rush'?
- A. Smoking
- B. Buccal
- C. Oral
- D. Intranasal
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smoking and intravenous (IV) methods result in the fastest absorption and the highest 'rush'.
An agitated individual is brought to the emergency department by friends who state that the patient took a hallucinogenic drug at a party and then tried to jump from a second-story window. Which of the following nursing diagnoses is priority?
- A. Risk for injury related to altered sensation.
- B. Ineffective health maintenance related to ineffective coping strategies.
- C. Powerlessness related to insufficient knowledge to manage a situation.
- D. Ineffective denial related to insufficient sense of control.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Although all the diagnoses may be appropriate for the patient, the highest priority is to address the patient's immediate risk for injury.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is admitted to the hospital for treatment of an abscess on the left thigh and the patient tells the nurse that they use fentanyl illegally. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse anticipate assessing?
- A. Nausea and diarrhea
- B. Tremors and seizures
- C. Lethargy and disorientation
- D. Delusions and hallucinations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptoms of opioid withdrawal include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, similar to a bout of the stomach flu. The other symptoms are seen during withdrawal from other substances such as alcohol, sedative-hypnotics, or stimulants.