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The nurse is caring for a patient who has Paget's disease and is prescribed salmon calcitonin and acetaminophen. Which of the following assessment information will the nurse obtain to evaluate the effectiveness of these medications?
- A. Pain level
- B. Oral intake
- C. Daily weight
- D. Grip strength
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bone pain is one of the common early manifestations of Paget's disease, and the nurse should assess the pain level to determine whether the treatment is effective. The other information will also be collected by the nurse, but will not be used in evaluating the effectiveness of the therapy.
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The nurse is assessing a patient in the foot clinic who has severe heel pain. Which of the following foot disorders should the nurse assess for?
- A. Hallux rigidus
- B. Morton's neuroma
- C. Pes cavus
- D. Plantar fasciitis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Complaints of severe heel pain will alert the nurse to assess for plantar bursitis, plantar fasciitis, or bone spur in adult. Hallux rigidus, pes cavus, and Morton's neuroma do not have the symptom of severe heel pain.
The nurse is caring for a patient who underwent a laminectomy and discectomy for a herniated intervertebral disc. Following the surgery, which of the following actions should the nurse implement when positioning the patient on their side?
- A. Instruct the patient to move their legs before turning the rest of the body.
- B. Have the patient turn by grasping the side rails and pulling the shoulders over.
- C. Place a pillow between the patient's legs and turn the entire body as a unit.
- D. Turn the patient's head and shoulders first, followed by the hips, legs, and feet.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The spine should be kept in correct alignment after laminectomy. The other positions will create misalignment of the spine.
The nurse is preparing to administer alendronate to a patient with osteoporosis. Which of the following actions will the nurse implement initially?
- A. Ensure the patient has recently eaten.
- B. Ask about any leg cramps or hot flashes.
- C. Assist the patient to sit up at the bedside.
- D. Administer the prescribed calcium carbonate.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To avoid esophageal erosions, the patient taking bisphosphonates should be upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication. Fosamax should be taken on an empty stomach, not after taking other medications or eating. Leg cramps and hot flashes are not adverse effects of bisphosphonates.
Which of the following menu choices by a patient with osteoporosis indicates that the nurse's teaching about appropriate diet has been effective?
- A. Pancakes with syrup and bacon
- B. Whole wheat toast and fruit jelly
- C. Two-egg omelet and a half grapefruit
- D. Oatmeal with skim milk and fruit yogurt
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Skim milk and yogurt are high in calcium. The other choices do not contain any high calcium foods.
The nurse is planning an educational session related to foot problems at a local senior's club. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the session related to why the older adult is prone to developing foot problems? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Poor circulation
- B. Inactivity
- C. Decreased lower extremity sensation
- D. Poor foot hygiene
- E. Atherosclerosis
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The older adult is prone to developing foot problems because of poor circulation, atherosclerosis, and decreased sensation in the lower extremities. Inactivity and foot hygiene are personal choices and are not age-related changes.