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The nurse is caring for a person who is obese, sedentary, and has recently been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following goals for the person is correctly stated?
- A. The person will exercise more often.
- B. The person will consume 900 calories a day.
- C. The person will walk one-quarter mile a day, 5 days a week.
- D. The person will eliminate all refined sugar and processed foods from her diet.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Goals must be realistic, specific, and measurable. Exercising “more often” is too broad a statement.
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The school nurse is conducting an in-service program for teachers that discusses the development of elementary school children. According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, which of the following information would the nurse include?
- A. Use abstract thought to discuss a story
- B. Make moral decisions concerning right and wrong actions
- C. Listen to a peer’s point of view about a playground situation
- D. Be influenced by his or her friends
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Piaget's concrete operations stage (7-11 years) focuses on peer influence and understanding others' perspectives.
During a home visit, a nurse assists an individual to complete an application for disability services. The nurse is acting as a(n):
- A. Advocate
- B. Care manager
- C. Consultant
- D. Educator
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Advocacy helps individuals access services they are entitled to, assisting them in navigating the healthcare system.
Which is a violation of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996?
- A. Nurse reporting a case of TB to the health department
- B. Nurse reporting a case of child abuse to the Department of Human Services
- C. Nurse discussing the person’s case with his or her physician
- D. Nurse discussing the person’s case with his or her school nurse
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is a federal privacy standard that requires safeguards to protect the security and confidentiality of health information. Disclosures without individual authorization are allowed only to public health authorities authorized by law to collect and receive information for the purpose of preventing or controlling disease, injury, or disability. Before speaking to the school nurse, the nurse must obtain authorization from the client’s parents.
Which of the following teenagers is exhibiting a behavior that causes concern and requires further evaluation?
- A. Is always very happy
- B. Is agitated and has trouble sleeping
- C. Has a lot of homework and stays up late to finish it
- D. Values his friend’s opinion more than his parent’s opinion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Agitation and insomnia are signs of potential substance abuse, requiring further evaluation.
Which interventions address both the National Institute of Nursing Research themes and Healthy People 2020 goals?
- A. Establishing a new park with a well-lit track
- B. Establishing a smoking cessation campaign
- C. Providing reduced-cost transportation passes
- D. Providing free condoms at health clinics
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking cessation aligns with health promotion and disease prevention goals of Healthy People 2020.