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The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 24 weeks gestation and reports feeling dizzy when standing. What should the nurse recommend to the patient?
- A. Take deep breaths and stand up quickly to relieve dizziness.
- B. Sit down and drink a cold beverage to improve circulation.
- C. Lie flat on your back immediately to prevent fainting.
- D. Rise slowly from a seated or lying position and avoid standing for long periods.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. When a pregnant patient feels dizzy, it can be due to postural hypotension. Rising slowly helps prevent a sudden drop in blood pressure. Standing for long periods can worsen symptoms. Option A is incorrect as standing up quickly can exacerbate dizziness. Option B is incorrect as cold beverages do not address the underlying issue. Option C is incorrect as lying flat on the back can decrease blood flow to the uterus.
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A nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is at 36 weeks gestation and reports that her baby has not moved as much as usual. What should the nurse instruct the patient to do first?
- A. Lie on her left side and drink a cold beverage to stimulate movement.
- B. Rest for a few hours and count fetal movements.
- C. Call the healthcare provider immediately to report the lack of movement.
- D. Monitor fetal movement over the next 24 hours and report if the pattern continues.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lie on her left side and drink a cold beverage to stimulate movement. This is because changing positions can encourage fetal movement due to the change in gravity and blood flow. Additionally, the cold beverage may stimulate the baby to move. Option B suggests resting without actively trying to stimulate movement, which may delay necessary action. Option C advises immediate contact with the healthcare provider, which could be an overreaction at this stage. Option D delays action and may not address the immediate concern of decreased fetal movement.
After nutrition counseling, a woman, G3 P1101, proclaims that she certainly can’t eat any strawberries during her pregnancy. Which of the following is the likely reason for this statement?
- A. The woman is allergic to strawberries.
- B. Strawberries have been shown to cause birth defects.
- C. The woman believes in old wives’ tales.
- D. The premature baby died because the woman ate strawberries.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Food allergies are a plausible reason for avoiding strawberries. There is no scientific evidence linking strawberries to birth defects or premature death. Old wives’ tales might exist but are less likely the primary reason here.
What is the most appropriate action when a laboring person's membranes rupture and meconium is present?
- A. notify the healthcare provider
- B. document the amount of meconium
- C. prepare the person for vacuum extraction
- D. apply pressure to the abdomen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: notify the healthcare provider. This is the most appropriate action because the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid indicates potential fetal distress, requiring immediate medical evaluation. Notifying the healthcare provider allows for prompt assessment and necessary interventions to ensure the well-being of both the laboring person and the baby. Documenting the amount of meconium (choice B) may be important for the medical record but is not the priority in this situation. Choices C and D, preparing for vacuum extraction and applying pressure to the abdomen, are not indicated and could potentially harm the baby or the laboring person.
What is the primary goal of using an epidural for pain management during labor?
- A. to provide analgesia without sedation
- B. to allow for movement and positioning
- C. to relieve anxiety and promote relaxation
- D. to allow for continuous monitoring
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary goal of using an epidural during labor is to provide analgesia without sedation. Epidurals block pain signals, allowing the laboring individual to feel relief while remaining fully conscious. This helps manage labor pain effectively without causing sedation, allowing the individual to actively participate in the birthing process. Choice B is incorrect because epidurals can limit movement and positioning due to numbness. Choice C is incorrect as the main purpose is pain relief, not anxiety relief. Choice D is incorrect as continuous monitoring can be achieved through other methods, and it is not the primary goal of using an epidural.
What is the term for a nonstress test in which there are two or more fetal heart rate accelerations of 15 or more beats per minute (BPM) with fetal movement in a 20-minute period?
- A. Positive
- B. Negative
- C. Reactive
- D. Nonreactive
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A nonstress test is considered reactive when there are at least two accelerations of 15 BPM or more in a 20-minute period, indicating fetal well-being.