Nokea
The nurse is caring for a toddler with atopic dermatitis. The nurse should instruct the parents to
- A. Dress the child warmly to avoid chilling
- B. Keep the child away from other children for the duration of the rash
- C. Clean the affected areas with tepid water and detergent
- D. Wrap the child's hand in mittens or socks to prevent scratching
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wrap the child's hand in mittens or socks to prevent scratching. This prevents worsening of lesions and secondary infections.
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The nurse is caring for a depressed client with a new prescription for a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant. In reviewing the admission history and physical, which of the following should prompt questions about the safety of this medication?
- A. History of obesity
- B. Prescribed use of a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor
- C. Diagnosis of vascular disease
- D. Takes antacids frequently
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SSRIs should not be taken concurrently with MAO inhibitors because serious, life-threatening reactions may occur with this combination of drugs.
The nurse preparing an educational seminar on sexually transmitted infections for female college students should advise that which 2 infections are leading causes of pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility?
- A. Genital herpes and HIV
- B. Gonorrhea and chlamydia
- C. Human papillomavirus and syphilis
- D. Yeast and trichomoniasis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gonorrhea and chlamydia (B) are bacterial infections that commonly cause pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility if untreated. Other options are less associated with these outcomes.
A home health nurse is visiting a client with chronic heart failure. The nurse observes that the client is having trouble answering questions due to breathlessness and cough. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Auscultate breath sounds
- B. Check for peripheral edema
- C. Measure the client's vital signs
- D. Review the client's weight log over the past several days
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Auscultating breath sounds (A) assesses the cause of breathlessness (e.g., pulmonary edema) in heart failure, guiding immediate interventions. Edema (B), vitals (C), and weight (D) are secondary.
The nurse is talking with the parent of an adolescent client who has infectious mononucleosis. Which of the following statements by the parent would require follow-up?
- A. My child may take acetaminophen for fever or discomfort.
- B. My child will need to complete a full course of antibiotic therapy.
- C. My child should avoid participating in contact sports for at least 3 weeks.
- D. My child may continue to experience fatigue after the fever and sore throat subside.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mononucleosis is viral, so antibiotics (B) are not indicated, requiring follow-up. Acetaminophen (A), avoiding sports (C), and prolonged fatigue (D) are correct.
Thirty-six hours after major surgery, a client has a temperature of 100°F. What is the most likely cause of the temperature elevation?
- A. Dehydration
- B. Atelectasis
- C. Wound infection
- D. Bladder infection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atelectasis, due to reduced lung expansion post-surgery, is a common cause of low-grade fever within 24–48 hours. Dehydration, wound infection (typically later), or bladder infection are less likely without specific symptoms.