Nokea
The nurse is caring for a young adult who has a cocaine addiction. Which of the following routes of cocaine administration results in the fastest absorption and the highest 'rush'?
- A. Smoking
- B. Buccal
- C. Oral
- D. Intranasal
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smoking and intravenous (IV) methods result in the fastest absorption and the highest 'rush'.
You may also like to solve these questions
Suicide is an overdose effect of which of the following substances?
- A. Alcohol
- B. Inhalants
- C. Opioids
- D. Hallucinogens
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Suicide is an overdose effect of the use of inhalants. Suicide has not been identified as an overdose effect of alcohol, opioids, or hallucinogens.
A patient who is disoriented and agitated comes to the emergency department after using methamphetamine. Vital signs are blood pressure 162/98, heart rate 142 and irregular, and respirations 32. Which of the following actions is priority for the nurse to implement?
- A. Reorient the patient at frequent intervals.
- B. Monitor the patient's ECG and vital signs.
- C. Keep the patient in a quiet and darkened room.
- D. Obtain a health history including prior drug use.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The priority is to ensure physiological stability given that methamphetamine use can lead to complications such as myocardial infarction. The other actions also are appropriate but are not of as high a priority.
A patient with a history of heavy alcohol use is seen at the clinic with acute gastritis. Which statement by the patient indicates that the patient is in the contemplation stage of change?
- A. I am older and wiser now, and I know I can change my drinking behaviour.
- B. Alcohol has never bothered my stomach. I think it's likely that I have the flu.
- C. I think my drinking is affecting my stomach, but maybe some drugs will help.
- D. People say that I drink too much, but I really feel pretty good most of the time.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This statement indicates that the patient recognizes that alcohol use is the reason for the gastritis but is not yet willing to make a change. The statement 'I am older and wiser now, and I know I can change my drinking behaviour' indicates a patient at the preparation stage. The remaining two statements are typical of the precontemplation stage.
The nurse is caring for a patient who takes methadone daily to prevent a relapse of heroin addiction and has been admitted for knee surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care to promote effective pain control postoperatively?
- A. Use a mixed opioid agonist-antagonist drug for pain relief.
- B. Administer opioid analgesics on a regularly scheduled basis.
- C. Avoid use of opioids and use alternatives such as NSAIDs.
- D. Give prescribed doses of opioid pain medication as needed for pain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A patient addicted to opioids should receive them on an around-the-clock basis to prevent withdrawal. Normal opioid doses given on a PRN basis will not effectively relieve pain in a patient who has developed tolerance. NSAIDs may be used as adjuncts, but they should not be the primary analgesic used. Mixed opioid agonist-antagonist drugs can precipitate withdrawal in patients who have tolerance to opioids.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is admitted to the hospital for treatment of an abscess on the left thigh and the patient tells the nurse that they use fentanyl illegally. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse anticipate assessing?
- A. Nausea and diarrhea
- B. Tremors and seizures
- C. Lethargy and disorientation
- D. Delusions and hallucinations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptoms of opioid withdrawal include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, similar to a bout of the stomach flu. The other symptoms are seen during withdrawal from other substances such as alcohol, sedative-hypnotics, or stimulants.