NCLEX Questions on Neurological Disorders Quizlet

NCLEX Questions on Neurological Disorders Quizlet Related

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The nurse is caring for the client who had a stroke affecting the right hemisphere of the brain. The nurse should assess for which problem initially?

  • A. Right hemiparesis
  • B. Expressive aphasia
  • C. Poor impulse control
  • D. Tetraplegia
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A stroke affecting the right hemisphere may produce left, not right hemiparesis. Motor fibers in the brain cross over in the medulla before entering the spinal column. This client may or may not have aphasia because the center for language is located on the left side of the brain in 75% to 80% of the population; this client had a stroke involving the right hemisphere. Even though the client may have expressive aphasia, it is more important to assess for poor impulse control due to the risk for injury. The client with a stroke affecting the right side of the brain often exhibits impulsive behavior and is unaware of the neurological deficits. Poor impulse control increases the client’s risk for injury. Tetraplegia (quadriplegia) is associated with an SCI; tetraplegia usually does not occur from a stroke.

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Which assessment data indicate that the client with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) exhibiting decorticate posturing on admission is responding effectively to treatment?

  • A. The client has flaccid paralysis.
  • B. The client has purposeful movement.
  • C. The client has decerebrate posturing with painful stimuli.
  • D. The client does not move the extremities.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Purposeful movement (B) indicates improved brain function compared to decorticate posturing. Flaccid paralysis (A) or decerebrate posturing (C) suggest worsening, and no movement (D) is not an improvement.

An older adult with PD is prescribed levodopa and carbidopa. What information should the nurse include when teaching the client and spouse?

  • A. The client has an increased risk for falls.
  • B. The client should stop taking multiple vitamins.
  • C. The medication should not be taken with food.
  • D. The medication has very few adverse effects.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When first taking levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet), the client is likely to experience dizziness and orthostatic hypotension due to the dopamine agonist properties. The client and spouse must be alerted about the increased risk for falls. Levodopa/carbidopa can be taken with multiple vitamins. Levodopa/carbidopa can be taken with food to decrease GI upset. There are many, not few, adverse effects associated with levodopa/carbidopa, including involuntary movements, anxiety, memory loss, blurred vision, and mydriasis.

Which assessment data would indicate to the nurse that the client would be at risk for a hemorrhagic stroke?

  • A. A blood glucose level of 480 mg/dL.
  • B. A right-sided carotid bruit.
  • C. A blood pressure (BP) of 220/120 mm Hg.
  • D. The presence of bronchogenic carcinoma.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Severe hypertension (BP 220/120 mm Hg, C) is a major risk factor for hemorrhagic stroke due to vessel rupture. High blood glucose (A) is more linked to ischemic stroke, a carotid bruit (B) indicates atherosclerosis, and bronchogenic carcinoma (D) is unrelated.

Before discharge, the nurse instructs the client about administering subcutaneous injections and correctly explains the client should rotate injections between which two areas?

  • A. Thighs and hips
  • B. Forearms and hips
  • C. Thighs and abdomen
  • D. Abdomen and buttocks
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rotating injections between the thighs and abdomen minimizes tissue damage and ensures consistent absorption.

The son of a client diagnosed with ALS asks the nurse, 'Is there any chance that I could get this disease?' Which statement by the nurse would be most appropriate?

  • A. It must be scary to think you might get this disease.'
  • B. No, this disease is not genetic or contagious.'
  • C. ALS does have a genetic factor and runs in families.'
  • D. If you are exposed to the same virus, you may get the disease.'
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: About 5–10% of ALS cases are familial, with a genetic component (C). Reflecting fear (A) is vague, denying genetics (B) is incorrect, and viral causes (D) are not established.

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