Nokea
The nurse is conducting a breast assessment on a female patient. Which of the following findings is most indicative of a need for further evaluation?
- A. Bilateral nodules that are tender with palpation
- B. A nodule that is $1 \mathrm{cm}$ in size, painlessOf course! Here is a basic salad recipe with some ingredients and steps: painless
- C. and firm"
- D. A lump that increases in size before the menstrual period
- E. A lump that is small, mobile, and has a rubbery consistency
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Painless and fixed lumps suggest breast cancer, a nodule that is $1 \mathrm{cm}$ in size, firm, and painless suggests breast cancer. The other findings are more suggestive of benign processes such as fibrocystic breasts and fibroadenoma.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is caring for a patient following breast augmentation surgery. Which of the following information should the nurse include in patient teaching?
- A. A drain will be in place for 24 hours after the surgery and then removed.
- B. Temperature will be monitored every 4 hours postoperatively.
- C. A compression dressing will be in place for 5-7 days.
- D. Most women can resume normal activities 1 week postoperative.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient's temperature should be monitored. Breast augmentation patients have drains in place in the surgical site to prevent hematoma formation and then removed 2 to 3 days after surgery, or when drainage is less than 20 to 30 mL per day. The drainage must be examined for colour and odour to detect postoperative infection or hemorrhage. A compression dressing is not kept in place for 5-7 days, dressings should be changed as necessary with sterile technique and prescribed. Depending on the extent of the operation, most women can resume normal activities within 2 to 3 weeks. Strenuous exercise may not be appropriate until several weeks later.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has had a right mastectomy and the patient asks the nurse how long the biannual mammography will have to continue. Which of the following time frames should the nurse inform the patient is recommended for mammography postmastectomy?
- A. Every 6 months for a year
- B. Every 6 months for 2 years
- C. Every 6 months for 3 years
- D. Every 6 months for life
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient should undergo appropriate breast imaging at regular intervals (usually 6 months to 1 year) for two consecutive years.
When the nurse is working in the women's health care clinic, which of the following actions is appropriate to take?
- A. Educate a healthy 36-year-old about the need for an annual mammogram
- B. Discuss the need for an annual mammography with a 52-year-old.
- C. Talk about magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a 26-year-old with a $BRCA-1$ mutation.
- D. Teach an active 70-year-old that mammography frequency should be individualized based upon her history.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: MRI (in addition to mammography) is recommended for women who are at high risk for breast cancer. A 52-year-old patient should have a mammography every 2 years. Mammography screening is recommended for women starting at age 40 if they are considered high risk for the development of breast cancer. For healthy older women, an individualized plan of care should be discussed with her health care provider.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for stereotactic core biopsy of the breast. Which of the following information should the nurse include in patient education?
- A. A local anaesthetic will be given before the biopsy specimen is obtained.
- B. You will need to lie flat on your back and lie very still during the biopsy.
- C. A thin needle will be inserted into the lump and aspirated to remove tissue.
- D. You should not have anything to eat or drink for 6 hours before the procedure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A local anaesthetic is given before stereotactic biopsy. NPO status is not needed because no sedative drugs are given. The patient is placed in the prone position. A biopsy gun is used to obtain the specimens.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take first when caring for a patient who has been admitted for lumpectomy and axillary lymph node dissection?
- A. Teach the patient how to deep breathe and cough.
- B. Discuss options for postoperative pain management.
- C. Explain the post discharge care of the axillary drains.
- D. Ask the patient to describe what she knows about the surgery.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Before teaching, the nurse should assess the patient's current knowledge level. The other teaching may also be appropriate, depending on the assessment findings.