Nokea
The nurse is conducting a health screening at a local health fair. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a risk factor for developing type II diabetes mellitus?
- A. Gestational diabetes
- B. Metabolic syndrome
- C. Chronic corticosteroid use
- D. Gastric bypass surgery
- E. Obesity
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E
Rationale: Gestational diabetes, metabolic syndrome, chronic steroids, and obesity increase type 2 diabetes risk via insulin resistance. Gastric bypass often improves glucose control.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is caring for a client who presents with a blood glucose level of 45 mg/dL (2.4975 mmol/L) [70-110 mg/dL, 4.0-11.0 mmol/L]. Which of the following findings are expected?
- A. Blurred vision
- B. Increased urinary output
- C. Cool and clammy skin
- D. Palpitations
- E. Orthostatic hypotension
- F. Paresthesias
Correct Answer: C, D, F
Rationale: Hypoglycemia causes sympathetic activation (cool, clammy skin; palpitations) and neurological symptoms (paresthesias). Blurred vision and increased urination are more typical of hyperglycemia, and orthostatic hypotension is less directly related.
A post-adrenalectomy client is admitted to the intensive care unit and is on intravenous hydrocortisone. Which nursing intervention should be included in the client's plan of care?
- A. Monitor blood glucose levels frequently
- B. Keep the client supine for 24 hours
- C. Discontinue hydrocortisone once vital signs become stable
- D. Educate the client on how to properly clean the wound at home
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adrenalectomy removes cortisol production; hydrocortisone replacement can raise glucose. Frequent monitoring prevents hyperglycemia. Keeping supine is unnecessary, discontinuation risks adrenal crisis, and wound care education is premature in ICU.
The nurse is caring for a client prescribed propylthiouracil (PTU). To monitor the effectiveness of this medication, the nurse anticipates the primary healthcare provider will order a
- A. serum calcium level.
- B. thyroid panel.
- C. fasting blood glucose.
- D. white blood cell (WBC) count.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: PTU treats hyperthyroidism by reducing thyroid hormone production. A thyroid panel (TSH, T4, T3) monitors effectiveness. Calcium, glucose, and WBC are not directly related to PTU's action.
The nurse is conducting health screenings for hypothyroidism at the community health fair. Which client is at the highest risk for this condition? A client who is
- A. underweight, anxious, has a rapid pulse, and reports persistent diarrhea.
- B. overweight, reports perspiration while playing sports, and reports feeling cold all the time.
- C. obese, has high blood pressure, and has frequent reports of thirst.
- D. obese, has periorbital edema, and reports a decrease in motivation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypothyroidism causes weight gain, edema, and fatigue or decreased motivation. Underweight, rapid pulse, and diarrhea suggest hyperthyroidism; thirst and hypertension are less specific.
The nurse has received an order to prepare a client for a water deprivation test. The nurse understands that this test is used to diagnose
- A. hyperthyroidism
- B. pheochromocytoma
- C. diabetes insipidus (DI)
- D. syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The water deprivation test diagnoses diabetes insipidus by assessing the body's ability to concentrate urine without fluid intake, distinguishing it from SIADH or other conditions.