Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank

Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank Related

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The nurse is conducting a nursing history of a client with a respiratory rate of 30, audible wheezing, and nasal flaring. During the interview, the client denies problems with breathing. What action should the nurse take next?

  • A. Clarify discrepancies of assessment data with the client.
  • B. Validate client data with members of the health care team.
  • C. Document all data collected in the nursing history and physical examination.
  • D. Seek input from family members regarding the client’s breathing at home.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. The nurse should clarify discrepancies of assessment data with the client to ensure accurate information.
2. The client's denial of breathing problems conflicts with physical signs, indicating a potential lack of awareness or reluctance to disclose symptoms.
3. By clarifying with the client, the nurse can address any misunderstandings or encourage honest communication.
4. This approach promotes client-centered care and ensures a comprehensive understanding of the client's health status.

Summary:
- Choice A is correct as it addresses the need to clarify discrepancies with the client for accurate assessment.
- Choice B is incorrect as validation with the healthcare team may not provide insight into the client's perception.
- Choice C is incorrect as it does not address the need to resolve conflicting assessment data.
- Choice D is incorrect as family input may not provide accurate information if the client denies symptoms.

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What is the causative agent in HIV/AIDS?

  • A. trichomonas vaginalis
  • B. Treponema pallidum
  • C. Human, T-cell lymphotrophio virus
  • D. Chlamydia tranchomatis
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Human, T-cell lymphotrophic virus, as it is the causative agent for HIV/AIDS. This virus specifically targets and infects the body's T-cells, weakening the immune system. Trichomonas vaginalis, Treponema pallidum, and Chlamydia trachomatis are all different pathogens that do not cause HIV/AIDS. Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite that causes trichomoniasis, Treponema pallidum causes syphilis, and Chlamydia trachomatis causes chlamydia. Therefore, the correct answer is C based on the specific viral agent responsible for HIV/AIDS.

An adult is to receive narcotic analgesics via patient controlled analgesia. The nurse is evaluating client’s understanding of the procedure. Which of the following statements by the client indicates that she understand PCA?

  • A. When I press this button the machine will always give me more medicine.
  • B. I will press the button whenever I feel pain
  • C. I should press this button every hour so the pain doesn’t come back
  • D. With this machine I will experience no more pain
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will press the button whenever I feel pain." This answer demonstrates understanding of how patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) works, where the client self-administers medication when needed for pain relief. Option A is incorrect as the machine is programmed with lockout intervals to prevent overdosing. Option C is incorrect as the client should only press the button when experiencing pain, not on a fixed schedule. Option D is incorrect as PCA does not guarantee complete pain elimination. The key in PCA is empowering the client to self-administer medication based on their pain level.

In planning an educational session for a patient with HIV, the nurse would include which of the following as a method of transmission for HIV? i.Saliva iv.Semen ii.Tears v.Blood iii.Breast milk

  • A. 1, 4, 2005
  • B. 1, 2, 4, 5
  • C. 3, 4, 2005
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 3, 4, 2005. HIV can be transmitted through breast milk, blood, and semen due to the presence of the virus in these bodily fluids. Saliva, tears, and other body fluids do not typically contain enough of the virus to transmit HIV. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they include saliva, tears, and other non-transmissible fluids. It is crucial for the nurse to educate the patient on the modes of transmission to prevent the spread of HIV.

A client with Addison’s disease comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. When assessing this client, the nurse should stay alert for signs and symptoms of:

  • A. calcium and phosphorus abnormalities
  • B. sodium and chloride abnormalities
  • C. chloride and magnesium
  • D. sodium and potassium abnormalities abnormalities.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. In Addison's disease, the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol and aldosterone. This leads to sodium and potassium imbalances. Low aldosterone causes sodium loss and potassium retention, resulting in sodium and potassium abnormalities. The other choices, A, B, and C, do not directly relate to Addison's disease. Calcium and phosphorus abnormalities are not typically associated with Addison's disease. Sodium and chloride, and chloride and magnesium imbalances are not primary concerns in Addison's disease. Therefore, staying alert for signs and symptoms of sodium and potassium abnormalities is crucial in managing and monitoring a client with Addison's disease.

A client is undergoing a diagnostic work-up for suspected testicular cancer. When obtaining the client’s history, the nurse checks for known risk factors for this type of cancer. Testicular cancer has been linked to:

  • A. Testosterone therapy during childhood
  • B. Sexually transmitted disease
  • C. Early onset of puberty
  • D. Cryptorchidism
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cryptorchidism. Cryptorchidism, or undescended testicle, is a known risk factor for testicular cancer as the undescended testicle is more prone to developing cancerous changes. This condition increases the risk of testicular cancer even if the testicle is surgically corrected later in life. Other choices like A (Testosterone therapy during childhood) and B (Sexually transmitted disease) are not linked to testicular cancer. Choice C (Early onset of puberty) is not a direct risk factor for testicular cancer.

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