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The nurse is conducting an admission assessment of an 11-month-old infant with CHF who is scheduled for repair of restenosis of coarction of the aorta that was repaired 4 days after birth. Findings include blood pressure higher in the arms than the lower extremities, pounding brachial pulses, and slightly palpable femoral pulses. What pathophysiologic mechanisms support these findings?
- A. The aortic semilunar valve obstructs blood flow into the systemic circulation
- B. The lumen of the aorta reduces the volume of the blood flow to the lower extremities
- C. The pulmonic valve prevents adequate blood volume into the pulmonary circulation
- D. An opening in the atrial septum causes a murmur due to a turbulent left to right shunt
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
You may also like to solve these questions
When assessing a 10-year-old newly diagnosed with osteomyelitis, which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
- A. Recent history of infection recurrences.
- B. Cultural heritage and beliefs.
- C. Family history of bone disorders.
- D. Increased fluid intake occurrences.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a 10-year-old with newly diagnosed osteomyelitis, the most important information for the nurse to obtain is the recent history of infection recurrences. This is crucial because osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone, and assessing for any recent recurrence of infections can help in determining the possible source of the osteomyelitis and guide the treatment plan accordingly.
A 6-year-old child with a history of asthma is brought to the emergency department with difficulty breathing and a severe cough. The nurse notes that the child is using accessory muscles to breathe and has a peak flow reading in the red zone. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Administer a nebulized bronchodilator
- B. Obtain an arterial blood gas
- C. Start the child on oxygen therapy
- D. Contact the healthcare provider
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a 6-year-old child with asthma experiencing difficulty breathing and using accessory muscles to breathe with a peak flow reading in the red zone, the priority intervention is to administer a nebulized bronchodilator first. Nebulized bronchodilators help open the airways quickly, providing immediate relief and improving breathing. This intervention aims to address the acute respiratory distress the child is experiencing before considering other assessments or interventions such as obtaining arterial blood gases, starting oxygen therapy, or contacting the healthcare provider.
What information should the nurse provide to parents of a 3-year-old boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy who inquire about the disease and future children?
- A. This is an inherited X-linked recessive disorder, which primarily affects male children in the family
- B. The striated muscle groups of males can be impacted by a lack of the protein dystrophin in their mothers
- C. The male infant had a viral infection that went unnoticed and untreated so muscle damage was incurred
- D. Birth trauma with a breech vaginal birth causes damage to the spinal cord, thus weakening the muscles
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive disorder caused by mutations in the DMD gene on the X chromosome. This disorder primarily affects males because they have one X chromosome, inherited from their mothers, who may be carriers of the mutated gene. Females have two X chromosomes, providing a protective effect as the normal gene on one X chromosome can compensate for the mutated gene on the other. Therefore, the nurse should explain to the parents that Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an inherited X-linked recessive disorder, which is why their son has the disease and why there is a risk of passing it on to future sons.
According to Erikson's theory, what behavioral pattern should be displayed by a child who has not developed a sense of competence?
- A. Guilt.
- B. Shame.
- C. Alienation.
- D. Inferiority.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erikson's theory of psychosocial development outlines that the failure to establish a sense of competence during the industry vs. inferiority stage results in feelings of inferiority. This stage occurs during middle childhood where children strive to master skills and tasks. If they are unable to meet challenges successfully, they may start feeling inferior to their peers and may lack confidence in their abilities.
A 3-year-old with a congenital heart defect has had a steady decrease in heart rate, now at 76 bpm from 110 bpm four hours ago. Which additional finding should be reported immediately to a healthcare provider?
- A. Oxygen saturation of 94%.
- B. Respiratory rate of 25 breaths/minute.
- C. Urine output of 20 mL/hr.
- D. Blood pressure of 70/40.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.