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The nurse is discussing cardiac dysrhythmias with a student. Which of the following statements, if made by the student, would indicate effective understanding?
- A. Atrial fibrillation may cause venous thromboembolism.
- B. Immediate defibrillation is needed for asystole.
- C. Cardioversion may be used for ventricular fibrillation.
- D. Adenosine is used to treat supraventricular tachycardia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adenosine is the first-line treatment for supraventricular tachycardia, rapidly slowing the heart rate.
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The nurse reviews a client's lipid panel who is being treated for hyperlipidemia with simvastatin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take based on the results? See the results in the exhibit.
- A. Review the client's most recent creatinine
- B. Assess the client's adherence to the prescribed medication
- C. Determine if the client is adhering to a low salt diet
- D. Document the results as within normal limits
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If lipid panel results are abnormal, assessing adherence to simvastatin is key, as non-compliance may explain ineffective treatment.
The nurse is caring for a client with a myocardial infarction experiencing tachycardia and coughing up frothy, pink-tinged sputum. Which finding would the nurse expect upon lung auscultation?
- A. Wheezing
- B. Crackles
- C. Rhonchi
- D. Diminished sounds
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frothy, pink-tinged sputum indicates pulmonary edema, often post-MI, causing crackles on lung auscultation due to fluid in alveoli.
The nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure experiencing an exacerbation. Which of the following of the client's vital signs would indicate that the client is experiencing a complication?
- A. Decrease in blood pressure
- B. Increase in temperature
- C. Decrease in respiratory rate
- D. Increase in blood pressure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A decrease in blood pressure during a CHF exacerbation may indicate cardiogenic shock, a serious complication.
The nurse has attended a staff education program about managing clients with peripheral arterial disease. Which of the following statements by the nurse would require follow-up?
- A. The client should engage in a daily exercise regimen.
- B. Smoking cessation is an essential treatment goal for clients who smoke.
- C. Resting in a recliner with the legs dependent should be recommended.
- D. Devices that elevate the legs above the heart should be provided at discharge.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dependent leg positioning worsens peripheral arterial disease by reducing blood flow; elevation is contraindicated.
A hypertensive client was prescribed antihypertensive medication. The client tells a clinic nurse that she prefers to take an herbal supplement to help lower her blood pressure. Which is the most appropriate response from the nurse?
- A. Tell the client that herbal supplements are unsafe and should be avoided
- B. Encourage the client to discuss the use of herbal supplements with her attending health care provider (HCP)
- C. Teach the client how to take her blood pressure and ask her to monitor it every fifteen minutes
- D. Tell the client that if she takes the herbal supplement, it will require the nurses to monitor her blood pressure closely
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Herbal supplements can interact with medications, so discussing with the HCP ensures safety and efficacy.