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The nurse is educating a pregnant patient about the importance of taking prenatal vitamins. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates effective teaching?
- A. I should take prenatal vitamins only during the first trimester.
- B. I should take prenatal vitamins throughout the pregnancy to ensure my baby gets the nutrients it needs.
- C. I should stop taking prenatal vitamins after the baby is born.
- D. I can get all the necessary nutrients from my diet without taking prenatal vitamins.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because taking prenatal vitamins throughout pregnancy ensures the baby receives essential nutrients for growth and development. Prenatal vitamins contain key nutrients like folic acid, iron, and calcium crucial for the baby's health. Choice A is incorrect because prenatal vitamins are recommended throughout pregnancy, not just the first trimester. Choice C is incorrect as prenatal vitamins may be needed postpartum if breastfeeding. Choice D is incorrect as prenatal vitamins provide additional nutrients that may not be obtained solely from diet.
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A pregnant patient with a history of anemia is asking the nurse about managing iron deficiency. Which of the following statements by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Iron supplements should be taken with milk for better absorption.
- B. Iron supplements should be taken with a source of vitamin C to enhance absorption.
- C. Iron supplements should be avoided during the second trimester.
- D. Iron supplements should be taken at night before bed.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Iron supplements should be taken with a source of vitamin C to enhance absorption. Iron absorption is increased in the presence of vitamin C. Vitamin C helps convert iron into a more absorbable form. This is crucial for managing iron deficiency anemia in pregnant patients.
Incorrect choices:
A: Iron supplements should not be taken with milk as calcium in milk can hinder iron absorption.
C: Iron supplements are safe to take throughout pregnancy, and avoiding them during the second trimester is not recommended.
D: There is no specific recommendation to take iron supplements at night before bed; it can be taken at any time of the day.
Which complication could occur as a result of percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS)?
- A. Postdates pregnancy
- B. Fetal bradycardia
- C. Placenta previa
- D. Uterine rupture
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fetal bradycardia is the most common complication of PUBS due to the invasive nature of the procedure.
When analyzing the need for health teaching of a prenatal multigravida, the nurse should ask which of the following questions?
- A. What are the ages of your children?
- B. What is your marital status?
- C. Do you ever drink alcohol?
- D. Do you have any allergies?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Asking about alcohol consumption is directly related to health teaching needs, as it can impact fetal development. The other questions, while important, are not directly related to health teaching.
The nurse is assessing a pregnant patient who is at 32 weeks gestation and is concerned about leg cramps. Which intervention should the nurse recommend?
- A. Apply a heating pad to the legs to relieve cramps.
- B. Perform gentle stretching exercises to reduce muscle tension.
- C. Increase calcium intake to prevent muscle cramps.
- D. Lie down and elevate the legs to prevent cramps.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Perform gentle stretching exercises to reduce muscle tension. Leg cramps during pregnancy are common due to increased weight and pressure on muscles. Gentle stretching exercises can help relieve tension and improve circulation, reducing the likelihood of cramps. Applying heat (choice A) can worsen swelling in pregnancy. Increasing calcium intake (choice C) can help prevent cramps but is not an immediate intervention. Lying down and elevating legs (choice D) can provide temporary relief but may not address the underlying muscle tension.
A pregnant patient is concerned about preeclampsia, as she has a family history of the condition. Which of the following should the nurse prioritize in monitoring this patient?
- A. Frequent assessment of blood pressure and urine for protein
- B. Monitoring for abdominal pain and nausea
- C. Increasing the patient's fluid intake to avoid dehydration
- D. Encouraging the patient to rest and avoid strenuous activity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria. Monitoring blood pressure and urine for protein is essential for early detection and intervention. Choice B is incorrect as abdominal pain and nausea are not specific symptoms of preeclampsia. Choice C is incorrect because excessive fluid intake can worsen preeclampsia. Choice D is incorrect as rest alone cannot prevent or manage preeclampsia. Prioritizing blood pressure and urine monitoring helps identify and manage preeclampsia efficiently.