Nokea
The nurse is explaining fetal circulation to a student. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
- A. There is an opening between the atria that allows blood to flow directly to the lungs for oxygenation.
- B. There is a shunt between the aorta and the pulmonary vein that bypasses the lungs.
- C. The ductus arteriosus allows blood to flow from the pulmonary artery to the aorta.
- D. The foramen ovale closes just before birth.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus allows blood to bypass the lungs, directing it from the pulmonary artery to the aorta.
You may also like to solve these questions
A pregnant woman in her first trimester is considering prenatal testing. The nurse is providing patient education regarding prenatal testing in the first trimester. What statement accurately reflects the nurse’s education?
- A. Prenatal testing in the first trimester primarily focuses on determining the gender of the fetus.
- B. Prenatal testing in the first trimester helps assess the risk of abnormalities in the fetus.
- C. Prenatal testing in the first trimester monitors the growth and development of the placenta.
- D. Prenatal testing in the first trimester is primarily performed to detect potential maternal infections.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prenatal testing in the first trimester focuses on assessing the risk of fetal abnormalities, not gender, placenta, or infections.
What is the most vulnerable time for teratogen exposure?
- A. 1-2 weeks after conception.
- B. 3-8 weeks after conception.
- C. 8-12 weeks after conception.
- D. The entire pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The embryonic period (3-8 weeks) is when organogenesis occurs, making it highly sensitive to teratogens.
In which structure does fertilization usually occur?
- A. the ovary
- B. the uterus
- C. the fallopian tube
- D. the vagina
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tube, where the sperm meets the ovum.
A pregnant woman at 25 weeks' gestation tells the nurse that she dropped a pan last week and her baby jumped at the noise. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?
- A. That must have been a coincidence; babies can't respond like that.
- B. The fetus is demonstrating the aural reflex.
- C. Babies respond to sound starting at about 24 weeks of gestation.
- D. Let me know if it happens again; we need to report that to your midwife.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Babies respond to sound starting at about 24 weeks of gestation.
A patient who has just received confirmation that she is pregnant is distressed because she has a seizure disorder that she manages with carbamazepine. Which is the nurse’s greatest concern?
- A. The carbamazepine may be discontinued.
- B. The pregnancy is likely to end with fetal demise.
- C. The fetus will experience loss of vision and hearing.
- D. Carbamazepine is teratogenic and causes neural and facial defects.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carbamazepine is a teratogenic drug that poses risks of neural tube defects and craniofacial abnormalities, making this the greatest concern.