Nokea
The nurse is explaining fetal circulation to a student. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
- A. There is an opening between the atria that allows blood to flow directly to the lungs for oxygenation.
- B. There is a shunt between the aorta and the pulmonary vein that bypasses the lungs.
- C. The ductus arteriosus allows blood to flow from the pulmonary artery to the aorta.
- D. The foramen ovale closes just before birth.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus allows blood to bypass the lungs, directing it from the pulmonary artery to the aorta.
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What is the purpose of cell-free DNA screening done in the first trimester?
- A. to determining the gender of the fetus
- B. to check for multiple fetuses
- C. to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus
- D. to measure the growth and development of the fetus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cell-free DNA is used to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities. It does not determine gender or measure growth and development.
A father and mother are carriers of phenylketonuria (PKU). Their 2-year-old daughter has PKU. The couple tells the nurse that they are planning to have a second baby. Because their daughter has PKU, they are sure that their next baby won't be affected. What response by the nurse is most accurate?
- A. Good planning; you need to take advantage of the odds in your favor.
- B. I think you'd better check with your doctor first.
- C. You are both carriers, so each baby has a 25% chance of being affected.
- D. The ultrasound indicates a boy, and boys are not affected by PKU.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Each child produced by this couple has a 25% chance of being affected by PKU disorder.
Reva Rubin identified several maternal tasks the pregnant person undertakes during pregnancy. What actions by the pregnant person are included in these tasks? Select 4 that apply.
- A. develops attachment to the fetus
- B. schedules a childbirth class
- C. encourages the partner’s attachment to the fetus
- D. acknowledges the fetus as a separate person
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maternal tasks include developing attachment, acknowledging the fetus, and placing the fetus's needs above their own.
What are the number and type of chromosomes in a normal mature gamete?
- A. 22 autosomes
- B. 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome
- C. 46 chromosomes
- D. 23 autosomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gametes have 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome, resulting in 23 chromosomes in total.
An infertile couple learns that the female is unable to produce viable eggs. The male partner suggests the use of a surrogate as a means of having a child. The female states, 'I don’t want your baby with another woman!' The nurse is aware of which psychosocial issue with this couple?
- A. The male blames the female for the infertility
- B. The female is jealous of the surrogate’s fertility
- C. The male needs to have a child with his genes
- D. The female is experiencing self-esteem issues
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The female is experiencing self-esteem issues due to infertility and the suggestion of a surrogate. The other choices either misinterpret the scenario or are less likely explanations for her reaction.