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The nurse is formulating a nursing care plan for a postpartum patient. Which actions by the nurse indicate use of critical thinking skills when formulating the care plan? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Using a standardized postpartum care plan
- B. Determining priorities for each diagnosis written
- C. Writing interventions from a nursing diagnosis book
- D. Reflecting and suspending judgment when writing the care plan
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: B. Determining priorities for each diagnosis written: Prioritizing nursing diagnoses based on the patient's needs and condition requires critical thinking skills. The nurse must be able to identify the most urgent issues to address first in the care plan.
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When reviewing a new patient’s birth plan, the nurse notices that the patient will be bringing a doula to the hospital during labor. What does the nurse think that this means?
- A. The patient will have her grandmother as a support person.
- B. The patient will bring a paid, trained labor support person with her during labor.
- C. The patient will have a special video she will play during labor to assist with relaxation.
- D. The patient will have a bag that contains all the approved equipment that may help with the labor process.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A doula is a trained labor support person who provides physical, emotional, and informational support to the mother before, during, and after childbirth. They are not typically a family member like a grandmother (option A) and do not involve playing a special video (option C) or bringing a bag of equipment (option D). The presence of a doula can help improve birth outcomes, provide continuous support, and enhance the birthing experience for the mother.
A nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who asks when she should be tested for GBS. What does the nurse tell the patient?
- A. 34–35 weeks
- B. 36–37 weeks
- C. 38–39 weeks
- D. 39–40 weeks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should inform the pregnant patient that Group B Streptococcus (GBS) testing is typically done between 36 and 37 weeks of pregnancy. Testing at this time allows for optimal identification of GBS colonization during childbirth. It is important to test at this stage to determine the presence of GBS in the birth canal, as GBS can be passed to the newborn during delivery, which may lead to serious infections. Testing later in pregnancy increases the likelihood of obtaining accurate results closer to the due date, enabling appropriate management to be implemented to reduce the risk of transmission to the newborn.
The nurse is providing postoperative care to a patient who underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy 12 hours ago. Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions? Select all that apply.
- A. Assist the patient with ambulation.
- B. Maintain the Foley catheter for 48 to 72 hours postoperatively.
- C. Monitor intake and output and characteristics of urin
- D. urinary tract infection
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Assist the patient with ambulation: Encouraging early ambulation after surgery helps prevent complications such as blood clots, pneumonia, and pressure ulcers. It also promotes circulation and aids in the recovery process.
Which issue is a major concern among members of lower socioeconomic groups?
- A. Practicing preventive health care
- B. Meeting health needs as they occur
- C. Maintaining an optimistic view of life
- D. Maintaining group health insurance for their families
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Members of lower socioeconomic groups often struggle to access and afford healthcare services. Unlike those in higher socioeconomic classes who can afford preventive care, individuals in lower socioeconomic groups typically wait to seek medical care until they have significant health issues or emergencies. Factors such as cost barriers, lack of health insurance, transportation issues, and limited access to healthcare facilities contribute to this problem. As a result, the major concern among individuals in lower socioeconomic groups is the ability to meet their health needs as they occur rather than focusing on preventive healthcare practices. This issue can lead to poorer health outcomes and increased healthcare costs in the long run.
The nurse is preparing to teach the community about risk factors for the second most common cancer of the female reproductive system. Which of the following groups of women are at higher risk for this cancer? Select all that apply.
- A. Menopausal women with an intact uterus who receive hormonal therapy
- B. Women who have undergone treatment for breast cancer
- C. Women who have many pregnancies and nursed their infants
- D. Women who smoke and have many sexual partners
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Menopausal women with an intact uterus who receive hormonal therapy are at higher risk for endometrial cancer, which is the second most common cancer of the female reproductive system. Estrogen therapy without progesterone can increase the risk of endometrial cancer due to unopposed estrogen stimulation.