Nokea
A healthcare professional is assessing a client who is experiencing severe anxiety. Which of the following symptoms should the healthcare professional expect to observe?
- A. Restlessness
- B. Rapid heart rate
- C. Sweating
- D. Dry mouth
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid heart rate is a characteristic symptom of severe anxiety due to the body's fight-or-flight response being activated. This physiological response leads to an increased heart rate to prepare the body to deal with perceived threats. Healthcare professionals should be vigilant in monitoring and managing this symptom in clients experiencing severe anxiety.
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Which of the following are therapeutic communication techniques that a healthcare professional can use when interacting with clients?
- A. Using silence
- B. Discouraging the client from washing their hands
- C. Giving advice
- D. Providing reassurance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Therapeutic communication techniques aim to establish a trusting and supportive relationship between the healthcare professional and the client. Using silence is a valid therapeutic technique that allows the client to reflect and express their thoughts. On the other hand, discouraging the client from washing their hands goes against good hygiene practices and is not therapeutic. Giving advice and providing reassurance can be non-therapeutic if not used appropriately, as they may undermine the client's autonomy and problem-solving abilities.
When assessing a client with suspected bipolar disorder, which of the following findings should the nurse not expect?
- A. Periods of elevated mood
- B. Decreased need for sleep
- C. Flight of ideas
- D. Anhedonia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In bipolar disorder, common findings include periods of elevated mood, decreased need for sleep, and flight of ideas. Anhedonia, the inability to feel pleasure, is more indicative of conditions like major depressive disorder. Therefore, the nurse should not expect to find anhedonia in a client with suspected bipolar disorder.
A client diagnosed with schizophrenia is receiving discharge teaching. Which of the following instructions should the nurse exclude?
- A. Continue taking medications as prescribed
- B. Avoid all social interactions
- C. Report any side effects of medications to the healthcare provider
- D. Develop a daily routine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should exclude the instruction to 'Avoid all social interactions' when providing discharge teaching to a client with schizophrenia. It's important for individuals with schizophrenia to continue taking medications as prescribed, report any medication side effects to the healthcare provider, and develop a daily routine to promote stability. Social interactions, albeit with appropriate boundaries, can be beneficial for the client's well-being and integration into the community.
During a mental status examination, which of the following components should not be included in the assessment?
- A. Appearance and behavior
- B. Giving advice
- C. Mood and affect
- D. Cognitive function
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During a mental status examination, components such as appearance and behavior, mood and affect, and cognitive function are assessed. Giving advice is not a component of a mental status examination as it focuses on evaluating the client's mental state rather than providing guidance or recommendations.
Which of the following is not a common symptom of major depressive disorder?
- A. Insomnia
- B. Feelings of hopelessness
- C. Increased energy
- D. Difficulty concentrating
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Common symptoms of major depressive disorder include insomnia, feelings of hopelessness, difficulty concentrating, and appetite changes. Increased energy is not typically associated with major depressive disorder; instead, fatigue is more commonly observed. This symptom differentiation helps in diagnosing major depressive disorder accurately.