Nokea
The nurse is in the radiology unit of the hospital. The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a lung scan. The nurse knows that lung scans need the use of radioisotopes and a scanning machine. Before the perfusion scan, what must the client be assessed for?
- A. Bleeding
- B. Iodine allergy
- C. Dysrhythmias
- D. Inflammation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During lung scans, a radioactive contrast medium is administered intravenously for the perfusion scan. Before the perfusion scan, nurses must assess the client to check for allergies to iodine. Laryngoscopy determines inflammation. Dysrhythmias and bleeding are possible complications of mediastinoscopy.
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The nurse is caring for an adolescent client injured in a snowboarding accident. The client has a head injury, a fractured right rib, and various abrasions and contusions. The client has a blood pressure of 142/88 mm Hg, pulse of 102 beats/minute, and respirations of 26 breaths/minute. Which laboratory test best provides data on a potential impairment in ventilation?
- A. Blood gases
- B. Complete blood count
- C. Blood chemistry
- D. Serum alkaline phosphate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood gases report the partial pressure of oxygen, which is dissolved in the blood. Normal readings are 80 to 100 mm Hg. By documenting oxygen levels in the blood, the nurse recognizes the current ventilation. The complete blood count provides information regarding number of blood cells, which can relate to the disease processes such as anemia and infection. The blood chemistry provides information on liver/renal function and electrolytes within the system. Serum alkaline phosphate is a laboratory test used to help detect liver disease and bone disorders.
The nurse is caring for a client with an exacerbation of COPD and scheduled for pulmonary function studies using a spirometer. Which client statement would the nurse clarify?
- A. My study is scheduled for 10 AM, several hours after I eat.'
- B. I brought comfortable clothes and shoes for the test.'
- C. I am ordered a bronchodilator to note lung improvement following use.'
- D. I will breathe in through my mouth and out through my nose.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse would clarify the client's statement of improper breathing technique. During a pulmonary function test using a spirometer, a nose clip prevents air from escaping through the client's nose when blowing into the spirometer. All other statements are correct.
A nurse is instructing the client on the normal sensations that can occur when contrast medium is infused during pulmonary angiography. Which client statement demonstrates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will feel a dull pain when the catheter is introduced.'
- B. I will feel light-headed when the contrast medium is introduced.'
- C. I will feel waves of nausea throughout the procedure.'
- D. I will feel warm and may have chest pain'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: During a pulmonary angiography, a contrast medium is injected into the femoral circulation. When the medium is infused, the client will feel warm and flushed, with a possibility of chest pain. The client will feel pressure when the catheter is inserted. The client does not typically feel light-headed or nauseated during this procedure.
The nurse working in the radiology clinic is assisting with a pulmonary angiography. The nurse knows that when monitoring clients after a pulmonary angiography, what should the physician be notified about?
- A. Raised temperature in the affected limb
- B. Excessive capillary refill
- C. Absent distal pulses
- D. Flushed feeling in the client
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When monitoring clients after a pulmonary angiography, nurses must notify the physician about diminished or absent distal pulses, cool skin temperature in the affected limb, and poor capillary refill. Absent distal pulses may indicate damage to the artery or a clot. When the contrast medium is infused, the client will sense a warm, flushed feeling.
What is the difference between respiration and ventilation?
- A. Ventilation is the process of gas exchange.
- B. Ventilation is the movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract.
- C. Ventilation is the process of getting oxygen to the cells.
- D. Ventilation is the exchange of gases in the lung.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ventilation is the actual movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract. Respiration is the exchange of oxygen and CO2 between atmospheric air and the blood and between the blood and the cells.