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The nurse is instructing a patient about the effects of smoking. What accurate information does the nurse provide?
- A. Smoking increases the amount of tissue oxygenation.
- B. Smoking increases the amount of functional hemoglobin in blood.
- C. Smoking may decrease platelet aggregation and cause hypercoagulability.
- D. Smoking interferes with normal cellular mechanisms that promote release of oxygen.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Smoking reduces the amount of functional hemoglobin in blood, thus decreasing tissue oxygenation. Smoking may increase platelet aggregation and hypercoagulability. Smoking interferes with normal cellular mechanisms that promote release of oxygen to tissues.
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Which solutions can be used on a wet-to-dry dressing?
- A. Normal saline
- B. Lactated Ringer
- C. Acetic acid
- D. Dakin
- E. Lysol
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Normal saline, sterile water, lactated Ringer, acetic acid, or Dakin solution are all acceptable for use on wet-to-dry dressings.
The nurse assessing a patient's wound notes a clear watery drainage. How will the nurse most accurately document this finding?
- A. Serous drainage
- B. Purulent drainage
- C. Sanguineous drainage
- D. Serosanguineous drainage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serous drainage has the appearance of clear, watery plasma. Purulent drainage has the appearance of thick, yellow, green, tan, or brown drainage. Sanguineous drainage is bright red and indicates active bleeding. Serosanguineous drainage is pale, red, and watery, and is a mixture of serous and sanguineous drainage.
What are the advantages of a transparent dressing?
- A. Adheres to undamaged skin.
- B. Contains the exudate.
- C. Reduces wound contamination.
- D. Serves as a barrier to external bacteria.
- E. Slows epithelial growth.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Transparent dressings have the advantages of adhering to undamaged skin, containing the exudate, reducing wound contamination, serving as a barrier to external bacteria, and speeding epithelial growth.
The nurse is caring for a patient during the first 24 hours following surgery. How often will the nurse assess for bleeding under the dressing?
- A. Every 30 minutes
- B. Every 60 minutes
- C. Every 2 to 4 hours
- D. Every 5 to 8 hours
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse inspects the dressing every 2 to 4 hours for the first 24 hours.
The nurse assessing a patient's wound notes pale red watery drainage. How will the nurse most accurately document this finding?
- A. Serous drainage
- B. Purulent drainage
- C. Sanguineous drainage
- D. Serosanguineous drainage
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Serosanguineous drainage is pale, red, and watery, and is a mixture of serous and sanguineous drainage. Serous drainage has the appearance of clear, watery plasma. Purulent drainage has the appearance of thick, yellow, green, tan, or brown drainage. Sanguineous drainage is bright red and indicates active bleeding.