Nokea
The nurse is meeting with a patient with an elevated BMI regarding an optimal diet for pregnancy. Which major source of nutrients should be a significant component of this patient's diet?
- A. Fats
- B. Fiber
- C. Simple sugars
- D. Complex carbohydrates
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Complex carbohydrates. During pregnancy, complex carbohydrates provide essential energy, fiber, vitamins, and minerals for both the mother and the developing baby. They help regulate blood sugar levels and provide sustained energy. Fats, although important, should be consumed in moderation. Fiber is crucial for digestive health but is not the major source of nutrients during pregnancy. Simple sugars should be limited as they provide empty calories and can lead to blood sugar spikes. Therefore, complex carbohydrates are the optimal choice for this patient's diet during pregnancy.
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The nurse is caring for a postpartum client who is complaining of severe pain and a feeling of pressure in her perineum. Her fundus is firm, and she has a moderate lochia flow. On inspection the nurse finds that a perineal hematoma is beginning to form. Which assessment findings show the nurse obtain first?
- A. Abdominal contour and bowel sounds
- B. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
- C. Heart rate and blood pressure
- D. Urinary output and IV fluid intake
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hematomas can cause significant blood loss, so assessing heart rate and blood pressure (C) is critical.
A pregnant, homeless woman who has received no prenatal care presents to the clinic in her third trimester because she is having vaginal bleeding but reports that she is not in pain. Ultrasound reveals a placenta previa. Which actions should the nurse implement?
- A. Schedule weekly prenatal appointments
- B. Contact social services for a temporary shelter
- C. Obtain a hemoglobin and hematocrit level
- D. Have the client transported to the hospital
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Placenta previa requires hospitalization to monitor for bleeding (D).
A pregnant patient with significant iron-deficiency anemia is prescribed iron supplements. The patient explains to the nurse that she cannot take iron because it makes her nauseous. What is the best response by the nurse?
- A. Iron will be absorbed more readily if taken with orange juice.'
- B. It is important to take this drug regardless of this side effect.'
- C. Taking the drug with milk may decrease your symptoms.'
- D. Try taking the iron at bedtime on an empty stomach.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "Try taking the iron at bedtime on an empty stomach." Taking iron on an empty stomach at bedtime can help reduce nausea because there are fewer digestive interactions. Iron supplements are best absorbed on an empty stomach. Taking them with food or other beverages can worsen gastrointestinal side effects. Option A is incorrect as orange juice may increase the likelihood of nausea due to its acidity. Option B is incorrect as patient comfort and adherence are important considerations. Option C is incorrect as milk can decrease iron absorption.
ATI Maternal Newborn
- A. Teach the patient about MyPlate.
- B. Review the patient's current dietary intake.
- C. Instruct the patient to limit the intake of fatty foods.
- D. Caution the patient to avoid large doses of vitamins, especially those that are fat-soluble.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because reviewing the patient's current dietary intake provides crucial information on their nutrition status and helps identify any deficiencies or excesses. This step allows for personalized dietary recommendations tailored to the patient's specific needs.
A: Teaching about MyPlate is a general recommendation but does not address the individual patient's dietary requirements.
C: Instructing to limit fatty foods is a generic recommendation and may not be appropriate for every patient.
D: Cautioning against large doses of fat-soluble vitamins is important, but it is not the initial step in assessing the patient's overall dietary intake.
The nurses assessing a 38-week gestation newborn infant immediately following a vaginal birth. Which assessment finding best indication that the infant is transitioning well to extrauterine life?
- A. Heart rate 220 beats/minute
- B. Cries vigorously when stimulated
- C. A positive Babinski reflex
- D. Flexion of all four extremities
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vigorous crying (B) indicates effective transition to extrauterine life.