Nokea
The nurse is participating in a staff presentation to review risk factors for skin cancer. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include? Select all that apply.
- A. Family history of skin cancer
- B. High number of moles
- C. History of severe adolescent acne
- D. Immunosuppressant medication use
- E. Outdoor occupation
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Risk factors for skin cancer include family history , high number of moles , immunosuppressant use increasing susceptibility, and outdoor occupation due to UV exposure. Severe acne is not a direct risk factor unless associated with specific treatments like radiation.
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The nurse is talking with the parents of a 7-year-old client with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the parents would indicate effective coping?
- A. Our child may not be able to participate in any sporting activities'
- B. Our whole family is willing to make sacrifices for our child's health.'
- C. We will make separate meals for our child to accommodate any dietary needs.'
- D. We are working to manage this condition so that our child can have an independent life.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aiming for the child's independence in managing diabetes indicates effective coping by focusing on empowerment. Assuming no sports or separate meals is overly restrictive, and vague sacrifices lack specificity.
An adult comes to the clinic with complaints of frequency and burning on urination. The nurse expects that what test will be ordered for the client?
- A. Clean catch urine for culture and sensitivity
- B. CBC and electrolytes
- C. Cystoscopy
- D. Strain of all urine for calculi
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frequency and burning suggest urinary tract infection; a clean catch urine culture identifies the causative organism and antibiotic sensitivity. CBC, cystoscopy, or straining are less immediate.
The practical nurse is assisting the registered nurse during admission of a client with heart failure-related fluid overload. Which action should be completed first?
- A. Administer oxygen
- B. Assess the client's breath sounds
- C. Initiate cardiac monitoring
- D. Insert a peripheral IV catheter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing breath sounds is the first step to evaluate the extent of fluid overload and guide interventions in heart failure. Oxygen , monitoring , and IV insertion follow based on findings.
The nurse is assessing a newborn delivered at home by a client addicted to heroin. Which of the following would the nurse expect to observe?
- A. Hypertonic neuro reflex
- B. Immediate CNS depression
- C. Lethargy and sleepiness
- D. Jitteriness at 24-48 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Jitteriness at 24-48 hours. Withdrawal signs may not be evident for 1-2 days after birth. Irritability and poor feeding also are evident.
A client who has a known history of cardiac problems and is still smoking enters the clinic complaining of sudden onset of sharp, stabbing pain that intensifies with a deep breath. The pain is occurring on only one side and can be isolated upon general assessment. The nurse concludes that this description is most likely caused by:
- A. pleurisy.
- B. pleural effusion.
- C. atelectasis.
- D. tuberculosis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pleurisy is an inflammation of the pleura and is often accompanied by abrupt onset of pain. Symptoms of pleurisy are abrupt pain that is usually unilateral and localized to a specific portion of the chest.