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The nurse is planning a health education program for 10-year-olds. Which setting is most likely to increase the preadolescents' participation in the program?
- A. the school classroom
- B. community center
- C. home of one of the children
- D. a local place of worship
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The school classroom is the most suitable setting to increase preadolescents' participation in a health education program. At the age of 10, children are accustomed to the school environment, making it familiar and comfortable for them. This familiarity can help reduce anxiety and increase engagement during the program. Community centers may be less familiar and could pose distractions, potentially reducing participation. Conducting the program at the home of one of the children may lead to unequal access for other participants and may not provide the necessary facilities for an educational session. A local place of worship may not be perceived as a neutral or suitable environment for a health education program, potentially hindering participation.
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A community health nurse is conducting a needs assessment in a rural area. Which data source is most likely to provide comprehensive information about the community's health status?
- A. Focus groups with community members
- B. Local hospital admission records
- C. State health department reports
- D. Surveys conducted by healthcare providers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: State health department reports are the most likely data source to provide comprehensive information about the community's health status. These reports offer a broad overview of health statistics and trends that can guide community health interventions. Focus groups with community members, although valuable for gathering qualitative insights, may not provide comprehensive health status data. Local hospital admission records are limited to specific healthcare utilization data and do not capture the overall health status of the entire community. Surveys conducted by healthcare providers may offer some insights but may not provide the breadth and depth of information available in state health department reports.
When caring for a client with a tracheostomy, which action should the nurse take first when performing tracheostomy care?
- A. Remove the inner cannula.
- B. Clean the stoma with normal saline.
- C. Change the tracheostomy ties.
- D. Suction the tracheostomy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Suctioning the tracheostomy is the priority action because it ensures a patent airway before proceeding with any other tracheostomy care interventions. This step helps clear secretions and maintain airway patency, which is crucial for the client's respiratory status. Removing the inner cannula, cleaning the stoma, or changing the tracheostomy ties can follow once the airway is clear. Therefore, options A, B, and C are secondary actions compared to suctioning the tracheostomy.
The healthcare professional is developing a program to educate parents on the importance of immunizations. Which topic should be prioritized?
- A. the benefits of immunizations
- B. the potential side effects of vaccines
- C. the immunization schedule
- D. ways to comfort children during vaccinations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prioritizing the benefits of immunizations is crucial in helping parents comprehend the significance of vaccines in safeguarding their children against preventable diseases. Understanding the positive impact of immunizations can alleviate concerns and misconceptions that parents may have, ultimately encouraging them to make informed decisions regarding their children's health. Discussing potential side effects (choice B) is important but should come after highlighting the benefits to avoid instilling unnecessary fear. While the immunization schedule (choice C) is essential information, it may be overwhelming if presented as the initial focus. Comforting children during vaccinations (choice D) is valuable but secondary to ensuring parents understand the benefits of immunizations.
A community health nurse is conducting a program evaluation for a diabetes management class. Which measure best indicates the program's effectiveness?
- A. Number of participants attending each session
- B. Participant satisfaction with the class
- C. Reduction in participants' average blood glucose levels
- D. Improvement in participants' knowledge about diabetes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most effective measure to indicate the program's effectiveness in a diabetes management class is the reduction in participants' average blood glucose levels. This measure directly reflects the impact of the program on managing diabetes and improving health outcomes. Choices A and B may provide valuable information but do not directly assess the program's impact on managing diabetes. Choice D, improvement in participants' knowledge about diabetes, is important but may not directly translate into improved diabetes management without actual health outcome measurements like blood glucose levels.
The school nurse is coaching a group of high school students on ways to deal with the stress of final exams. Today the class is focusing on healthy food choices for lunch in the school cafeteria. Which option should the nurse recommend?
- A. cheeseburger on a whole wheat bun, French fries, and a large cola beverage
- B. tuna casserole with peas and corn, a fresh apple, crackers, and orange juice
- C. fruit salad with fresh berries and oranges, chicken vegetable soup, and tea
- D. chef salad with turkey, ham, and ranch dressing, apple juice, and milk
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The recommended option for managing stress during final exams is a balanced and nutritious meal. Fruit salad with fresh berries and oranges, chicken vegetable soup, and tea offer a variety of nutrients and antioxidants that can help combat stress. Option A is not ideal as it includes high-fat and high-calorie foods. Option B is a good choice, but Option C provides a wider range of nutrients and hydration. Option D is a healthy choice with a variety of proteins and vitamins, but Option C offers lighter options that may be easier to digest during stressful times.