Nokea
The nurse is planning care for a group of pregnant clients. Which of the following clients should be referred to a health care provider immediately?
- A. A woman who is at 10 weeks' gestation, is having nausea and vomiting, and has +1 ketones in her urine.
- B. A woman who is at 37 weeks' gestation and has insulin-dependent diabetes experiencing 2-3 hyperglycemic episodes weekly.
- C. A woman at 32 weeks' gestation and is preeclamptic with +3 proteinuria.
- D. A primigravida at 15 weeks' gestation who reports she is not feeling fetal movement.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe preeclampsia requires immediate attention.
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A nurse is teaching a client about the use of the vaginal contraceptive ring. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Insert a new ring daily.
- B. Leave the ring in place for 3 weeks, then remove for 1 week.
- C. Apply the ring to the vaginal wall.
- D. Replace the ring every 6 months.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The vaginal contraceptive ring is left in place for 3 weeks, then removed for 1 week to allow a withdrawal bleed. It is not inserted daily, applied to the vaginal wall (it sits in the vagina), or replaced every 6 months (it's monthly).
A newly delivered client is asking to go to the bathroom 45 minutes after delivery. She had an epidural for labor & delivery, has an IV infusing, and every 15 minutes assessments are in progress. To provide the safest care for this client the nurse should:
- A. Ask her to remain in bed until the 15-minute assessments are complete.
- B. Assess client's ability to stand and bear weight before going to the bathroom.
- C. Encourage the client to sit at the side of the bed before ambulating to the bathroom.
- D. Ask the client to ambulate the first time with a staff member at her side.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Post-epidural, assessing the client's ability to stand and bear weight ensures safety due to potential residual numbness or weakness. Remaining in bed delays care, sitting first is insufficient, and ambulating with assistance assumes mobility not yet confirmed.
During an assessment of a neonate born at 33 weeks' gestation, a nurse finds and reports a heart murmur. The neonate is diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus, for which the neonate received indomethacin. An expected outcome after the administration of indomethacin to a neonate with patent ductus arteriosus is:
- A. Closure of a patent ductus arteriosus.
- B. Decreased bleeding time.
- C. Increased gastrointestinal function.
- D. Increased renal output.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Indomethacin promotes closure of the patent ductus arteriosus by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.
Assessment of a 23-year-old primigravid client at term who is admitted to the birthing unit in active labor reveals that her cervix is 4 cm dilated and 100% effaced. Contractions are occurring every 4 minutes. The nurse is developing a care plan with the client to relieve pain based on the gate-control theory of pain. The nurse should explain which of the following to the client?
- A. Input from the large sensory fibers opens the gate.
- B. Labor pain is a matter of individual perception.
- C. Slow abdominal breathing can open the gate.
- D. The gating mechanism is in the spinal cord.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The gate-control theory posits that pain signals are modulated in the spinal cord, where non-painful stimuli (e.g., touch) can 'close the gate' to pain transmission. Input from large fibers closes the gate, perception varies but is not the mechanism, and slow breathing helps manage pain but does not open the gate.
A primigravid client with class II heart disease who is visiting the clinic at 8 weeks' gestation tells the nurse that she has been maintaining a low-sodium, 1,800-calorie diet. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?
- A. Avoid folic acid supplements to prevent megaloblastic anemia.
- B. Severely restrict sodium intake throughout the pregnancy.
- C. Take iron supplements with milk to enhance absorption.
- D. Increase caloric intake to 2,200 calories daily to promote fetal growth.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased caloric intake supports fetal growth without compromising maternal health.