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The nurse is planning health education for a patient who has experienced a vaginal infection. What guidelines should the nurse include in this program regarding prevention?
- A. Wear tight-fitting synthetic underwear.
- B. Use bubble bath to eradicate perineal bacteria.
- C. Avoid feminine hygiene products, such as sprays.
- D. Restrict daily bathing.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To prevent vaginal infections, patients should avoid feminine hygiene products like sprays, wear cotton underwear instead of synthetic, avoid douching, and maintain daily bathing. Tight-fitting synthetic underwear and bubble baths increase infection risk.
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When reviewing the electronic health record of a female patient, the nurse reads that the patient has a history of adenomyosis. The nurse should be aware that this patient experiences symptoms resulting from what pathophysiologic process?
- A. Loss of muscle tone in the vaginal wall
- B. Excessive synthesis and release of unopposed estrogen
- C. Invasion of the uterine wall by endometrial tissue
- D. Proliferation of tumors in the uterine wall
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adenomyosis involves the invasion of endometrial tissue into the uterine wall, causing symptoms. It is not related to vaginal muscle tone, unopposed estrogen, or tumor proliferation.
The nurse is caring for a 63-year-old patient with ovarian cancer. The patient is to receive chemotherapy consisting of Taxol and Paraplatin. For what adverse effect of this treatment should the nurse monitor the patient?
- A. Leukopenia
- B. Metabolic acidosis
- C. Hyperphosphatemia
- D. Respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Taxol and Paraplatin commonly cause leukopenia, a manageable toxicity. Acid-base imbalances and hyperphosphatemia are not typical adverse effects of these drugs.
You are caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with genital herpes. When preparing a teaching plan for this patient, what general guidelines should be taught?
- A. Thorough handwashing is essential.
- B. Sun bathing assists in eradicating the virus.
- C. Lesions should be massaged with ointment.
- D. Self-infection cannot occur from touching lesions during a breakout.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Handwashing reduces the risk of reinfection and spread to others or other body parts. Sunbathing does not eradicate the virus, and lesions should not be massaged with ointment to avoid irritation. Touching lesions can lead to self-infection if hygiene is not maintained.
A nurse practitioner is examining a patient who presented at the free clinic with vulvar pruritus. For which assessment finding would the practitioner look that may indicate the patient has an infection caused by Candida albicans?
- A. Cottage cheese-like discharge
- B. Yellow-green discharge
- C. Gray-white discharge
- D. Watery discharge with a fishy odor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Candida albicans infection is characterized by itching and a scant white, cottage cheese-like discharge. Yellow-green discharge indicates Trichomonas vaginalis. Gray-white discharge and a fishy odor are signs of Gardnerella vaginalis.
A patient has returned from a hysterectomy to the post-surgical unit. The patient's care plan addresses the a risk of hemorrhage. How should the nurses best monitor the patient's postoperative blood loss?
- A. Have patients void and have regular bowel movements using a commode rather than a toilet.
- B. Count and inspect each perineal pad used daily.
- C. Swab the patient's perineum for blood presence at least once per shift.
- D. Leave the patient's perineal area open to air to facilitate inspection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Counting and inspecting perineal pads monitors blood loss accurately. Swabbing is insufficient, toilet use is unnecessary, and leaving the perineum open is not standard practice.