Nokea
The nurse is planning to address diabetic meal planning with the client recently diagnosed with type 1 DM. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Encourage use of non-nutritive sweeteners that contain no calories.
- B. Emphasize the importance of keeping regular mealtimes every day.
- C. Teach the client how to count the carbohydrates in meals and snacks.
- D. Ask the client to identify favorite foods and the client's usual mealtimes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Asking about favorite foods and usual mealtimes is an assessment question used in obtaining a thorough diet history; the nurse should take this action first prior to beginning teaching.
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The 68-year-old client diagnosed with hyperthyroidism is being treated with radioactive iodine therapy. Which interventions should the nurse discuss with the client?
- A. Explain it will take up to a month for symptoms of hyperthyroidism to subside.
- B. Teach the iodine therapy will have to be tapered slowly over one (1) week.
- C. Discuss the client will have to be hospitalized during the radioactive therapy.
- D. Inform the client after therapy the client will not have to take any medication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Radioactive iodine takes weeks to reduce hyperthyroid symptoms, requiring client understanding. Tapering, hospitalization, and stopping medications are incorrect.
Which finding indicates a potential complication of thyroid crisis that the nurse should prioritize?
- A. Heart rate of 140 beats per minute
- B. Blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg
- C. Temperature of 98.6°F
- D. Respiratory rate of 16 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A heart rate of 140 beats per minute indicates severe tachycardia, a life-threatening complication of thyroid crisis requiring immediate intervention.
Which response by the nurse about potassium iodide (Lugol's solution) is correct?
- A. It firms the gland so it is easily removed.
- B. It decreases the postoperative recovery time.
- C. It decreases the risk of postoperative bleeding.
- D. It eliminates the need for hormone replacement.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Potassium iodide reduces thyroid vascularity, decreasing the risk of postoperative bleeding.
When the client asks how to store an opened vial of insulin, which answer by the nurse offers the most correct instruction?
- A. The best place for storing insulin is in the bathroom, close to the shower.
- B. The best place to store insulin is in the refrigerator.
- C. The best way to store insulin is at room temperature.
- D. The best place for storing insulin is in a warm location but out of sunlight.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Opened insulin vials can be stored at room temperature for up to 28 days for stability and comfort during injection.
An elderly woman has been recently diagnosed as having Type 2 diabetes. Which of the following complaints that she has is most likely to be related to the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?
- A. Pruritus vulvae
- B. Cough
- C. Eructation
- D. Singultus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pruritus vulvae is common in diabetes due to yeast infections from elevated glucose levels.