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The nurse is planning to teach a woman about perimenopause. What would the nurse include regarding lowered estrogen level?
- A. It prevents osteoporosis.
- B. It decreases vaginal lubrication.
- C. It raises the level of low-density lipoproteins.
- D. It raises the level of high-density lipoproteins.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Estrogen increases the amount of high-density lipoproteins that carry cholesterol from body cells to the liver for excretion. With lowered levels of estrogen, low-density lipoproteins increase, causing an increase in the incidence of heart attacks and strokes.
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The nurse is discussing cervical mucus changes with a woman who wishes to use natural family-planning methods. What information about cervical mucus at ovulation will the woman indicate to the nurse, demonstrating that learning has taken place?
- A. Cervical mucus enhances the motility of the sperm.
- B. Cervical mucus indicates endometrial readiness for implantation.
- C. Cervical mucus facilitates movement of the ovum through the fallopian tube.
- D. Cervical mucus provides vaginal lubrication during intercourse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Around the time of ovulation, the slippery, clear cervical mucus enhances the motility of the sperm.
What side effect would the nurse instruct a woman to look for when starting hormone replacement therapy (HRT)?
- A. Fatigue
- B. Headache
- C. Weight loss
- D. Amenorrhea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients initiating HRT are reminded to have regular follow-up care and report headaches, vision changes, symptoms of thrombophlebitis, and cardiac symptoms.
A 48-year-old woman tells the nurse, 'I missed my period last month. Am I in menopause?' The nurse knows that at which point is a woman considered to be menopausal?
- A. Her periods have stopped for 1 year.
- B. Her periods have been irregular and light for 12 months.
- C. She has symptoms of vasomotor instability.
- D. She experiences symptoms of decreased estrogen, such as dyspareunia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a woman's menstrual periods have stopped for 1 year, she is considered menopausal.
A woman diagnosed with endometriosis reports 'painful intercourse.' What is the appropriate medical term for the nurse to document when describing this symptom?
- A. Dyspnea
- B. Dysmenorrhea
- C. Dyspareunia
- D. Dysrhythmia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dyspareunia is the term for painful sexual intercourse. Dyspnea is shortness of breath. Dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation. Dysrhythmia is irregular heart rhythm.
The nurse tells a woman who is trying to conceive to check her cervical mucus for changes. What will she expect the characteristic of cervical mucus to be a few days before ovulation?
- A. Cloudy and tacky
- B. Scant and thick
- C. Thin and white
- D. Clear and slippery
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Within a few days of ovulation, cervical mucus will become clear and slippery to aid the passage of sperm into the cervix.