Nokea
The nurse is preparing a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for discharge home. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching by the nurse?
- A. I do not need to limit my time in public places.'
- B. I may share food from serving dishes with others at a restaurant.'
- C. I may use public restrooms.'
- D. I may donate blood.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: AIDS patients cannot donate blood due to HIV transmission risk. Public activities and restrooms pose minimal risk, and sharing serving dishes is safe if not directly contaminated.
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The nurse is caring for an organ donor client with a severe head injury from an MVA. Which of the following is most important when caring for the organ donor client?
- A. Maintenance of the BP at 90 mmHg or greater
- B. Maintenance of a normal temperature
- C. Keeping the hematocrit at less than 28%
- D. Ensuring a urinary output of at least 300 mL/hr
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maintaining BP at 90 mmHg or greater ensures organ perfusion, critical for organ viability in a donor. Normal temperature and adequate urine output are important, but BP is the priority. Low hematocrit is not a goal.
The nurse is preparing to discharge a client who is taking an MAOI. The nurse should instruct the client to:
- A. Wear protective clothing and sunglasses when outside
- B. Avoid over-the-counter cold and hayfever preparations
- C. Drink at least eight glasses of water a day
- D. Increase his intake of high-quality protein
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: MAOIs interact dangerously with OTC cold and hayfever medications containing sympathomimetics, risking hypertensive crisis.
A client recently started on hemodialysis wants to know how the dialysis will take the place of his kidneys. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that hemodialysis works by:
- A. Passing water through a dialyzing membrane
- B. Eliminating plasma proteins from the blood
- C. Lowering the pH by removing nonvolatile acids
- D. Filtering waste through a dialyzing membrane
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hemodialysis filters waste products and excess fluids through a dialyzing membrane, mimicking kidney function.
A nursing instructor is preparing a lesson on the dangers of using drugs and alcohol during pregnancy. She would include which of the following as a primary disability associated with children diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome?
- A. poor motor skills
- B. promiscuous behavior
- C. future drug and alcohol dependency
- D. diagnosis of clinical depression
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fetal alcohol syndrome causes primary disabilities like poor motor skills due to neurological damage. Promiscuity, dependency, and depression are not primary effects.
A 52-year-old client is undergoing menopause. Which of the following physical sign or symptom is often attributed to decreased estrogen production associated with menopause?
- A. Weight loss
- B. Excessive sleeping
- C. Increased fat deposits on hips and abdomen
- D. Increased metabolic rate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased estrogen in menopause often leads to increased fat deposits on hips and abdomen (C). Weight loss (A), excessive sleeping (B), and increased metabolic rate (D) are not typical.