Nokea
The nurse is preparing a patient for an MRI scan of the head. The nurse should ask the patient.
- A. Have you ever had an allergic reaction to radioactive dye?
- B. Have you had anything to eat in the last 24 hours?
- C. Does your insurance cover the cost of this scan?
- D. Are you anxious about being in tight spaces?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The person undergoing an MRI must lie in a small, closed chamber and remain motionless during the procedure, which takes about 45 minutes. Those who feel claustrophobic or have increased anxiety may require sedation before the procedure. PET scans, not MRIs, require radioactive substances. Fasting is not required for brain imaging studies, and verifying insurance is not a primary nursing role.
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A client who is taking paroxetine (Paxil) reports to the nurse that he has been nauseated since beginning the medication. Which of the following actions is indicated initially?
- A. Instruct the client to stop the medication for a few days to see if the nausea goes away.
- B. Reassure the client that this is an expected side effect that will improve with time.
- C. Suggest that the client take the medication with food.
- D. Tell the client to contact the physician for a change in medication.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking SSRIs like paroxetine with food usually eliminates nausea, making this the initial recommended action.
A nurse is leading a medication education group for patients with depression. A patient states he has read that herbal treatments are just as effective as prescription medications. The best response is,
- A. When studies are published they can be trusted to be accurate.
- B. We need to look at the research very closely to see how reliable the studies are.
- C. Your prescribed medication is the best for your condition, so you should not read those studies.
- D. Switching medications will alter the course of your illness. It is not advised.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Often, reports in the media regarding new research and studies are confusing, contradictory, or difficult for clients and their families to understand. The nurse must ensure that clients and families are well informed about progress in these areas and must help them to distinguish between facts and hypotheses.
When teaching a client about restrictions for tranylcypromine (Parnate), the nurse will tell the client to avoid which of the following foods?
- A. Broad beans
- B. Citrus fruit
- C. Egg products
- D. Fried foods
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Broad beans (fava beans) contain tyramine, which must be avoided when taking MAOIs like tranylcypromine to prevent hypertensive crisis.
The nurse knows that the client understands the rationale for dietary restrictions when taking MAOI when the client makes which of the following statements?
- A. I am now allergic to foods that are high in the amino acid tyramine such as aged cheese, organ meats, wine, and chocolate.
- B. Certain foods will cause me to have sexual dysfunction when I take this medication.
- C. Foods that are high in tyramine will reduce the medication's effectiveness.
- D. I should avoid foods that are high in the amino acid tyramine such as aged cheese, meats, and chocolate because this drug causes the level of tyramine to go up to dangerous levels.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: MAOIs inhibit the enzyme that breaks down tyramine, leading to increased serum tyramine levels, which can cause severe hypertension and other symptoms. The correct statement reflects understanding of the need to avoid tyramine-rich foods to prevent dangerous reactions.
Which of the following is the primary consideration with clients taking antidepressants?
- A. Decreased mobility
- B. Emotional changes
- C. Suicide
- D. Increased sleep
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Suicide is always a primary consideration when treating clients with depression due to the risk of worsening symptoms or medication-related effects.