Nokea
The nurse is preparing a poster for a booth at a health fair to promote primary prevention of cervical cancer. Which recommendation should the nurse include on the poster?
- A. Use a commercial douche on a daily basis.
- B. Perform monthly breast self-examination (BSE).
- C. Seek treatment promptly if cervical infection is suspected.
- D. Use oral contraceptives as a preferred method of birth control.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Early treatment of cervical infection can help prevent chronic cervicitis, which can lead to dysplasia of the cervix. Cervical dysplasia is an early cell change that is considered to be premalignant. Douches and oral contraceptives do not decrease the risk for this type of cancer. BSE is useful for early detection of breast cancer, but is unrelated to cervical cancer.
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A client on a psychiatric care unit approaches the nurse and complains of muscle spasms in his neck, stiffness in other muscles, and that his eyes are rolling upward. The client had two p.r.n. doses of haloperidol (Haldol) in the last 6 hours. Of the drugs that have been ordered for the client as needed (see chart), the nurse should administer:
- A. Lorazepam (Ativan).
- B. Amantadine (Symmetrel).
- C. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl).
- D. Benztropine (Cogentin).
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dystonic adverse effects of haloperidol, especially oculogyric crises, are painful and frightening. I.M. benztropine is the fastest and most effective drug for managing dystonia. Lorazepam is an antianxiety medication and is not effective for treatment of dystonia. Although amantadine and diphenhydramine can be used for extrapyramidal symptoms, oral medications do not work as quickly, and amantadine may worsen psychotic symptoms.
Which of the following client statements indicates that the client with hepatitis B understands his discharge teaching?
- A. I will not drink alcohol for at least 1 year.'
- B. I must avoid sexual intercourse.'
- C. I should be able to resume normal activity in a week or two.'
- D. Because hepatitis B is a chronic disease, I know I will always be jaundiced.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding alcohol for at least 1 year supports liver recovery in hepatitis B.
A client has a total hip replacement. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching before discharge?
- A. I will implement my exercise program as soon as I get home.'
- B. I will be careful not to cross my legs.'
- C. I will need an elevated toilet seat.'
- D. I can't wait to take a tub bath when I get home.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tub baths are contraindicated post-hip replacement due to the risk of hip flexion beyond 90 degrees, indicating a need for further teaching.
An adult client has bacterial conjunctivitis. What should the nurse teach him to do? Select all that apply.
- A. Use warm saline soaks four times per day to remove crusting.
- B. Apply topical antibiotic without touching the tip of the tube to his eye.
- C. Wash his hands after touching his eyes.
- D. Avoid touching his eyes.
- E. Observe isolation procedures and confine himself to his bedroom until the redness in the eye disappears.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Warm saline soaks, careful antibiotic application, hand washing, and avoiding eye contact prevent spread and promote healing. Isolation is unnecessary unless specified.
A client has started taking amiodarone (Cordarone). The nurse should inform the client that periodic laboratory tests will be done to monitor the client's:
- A. Hemoglobin.
- B. Liver enzymes.
- C. Creatine kinase (CK) concentration.
- D. Renal function.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Amiodarone can cause hepatotoxicity, so periodic monitoring of liver enzymes is necessary to detect potential liver damage.