Nokea
The nurse is preparing a postpartum client for discharge. Which instruction is most important?
- A. Avoid breastfeeding if you feel tired.
- B. Report foul-smelling lochia to your doctor.
- C. Resume all physical activity immediately.
- D. Stop taking your prenatal vitamins after discharge.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report foul-smelling lochia to your doctor. This instruction is crucial because foul-smelling lochia can indicate an infection, which requires immediate medical attention to prevent complications. Reporting this to the doctor promptly ensures timely treatment.
A: Avoid breastfeeding if you feel tired - Incorrect. Breastfeeding is important for the baby's nutrition and bonding, regardless of the mother's fatigue.
C: Resume all physical activity immediately - Incorrect. Gradual resumption of physical activity is recommended to allow the body to heal properly.
D: Stop taking your prenatal vitamins after discharge - Incorrect. Prenatal vitamins are beneficial for postpartum recovery and breastfeeding, so stopping them abruptly is not advisable.
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What component of a health history for a wellness exam includes information on lifestyle factors, such as diet, exercise habits, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and recreational drug use?
- A. chief complaint/reason for visit
- B. gynecologic history
- C. medications and supplements
- D. social history
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: social history. This component of a health history focuses on lifestyle factors that can impact a person's overall health and well-being. It includes information on diet, exercise habits, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and recreational drug use. By understanding these factors, healthcare providers can assess potential risks, provide appropriate counseling, and tailor interventions to promote health.
A: Chief complaint/reason for visit is not the correct answer as it pertains to the specific reason why the patient is seeking medical attention.
B: Gynecologic history is focused on a specific aspect of health related to female reproductive health and is not inclusive of overall lifestyle factors.
C: Medications and supplements focus on the use of medications and supplements and do not cover lifestyle factors such as exercise habits or recreational drug use.
A client at 10 weeks' gestation reports frequent nausea. What dietary advice should the nurse provide?
- A. Consume small, frequent meals throughout the day.
- B. Avoid eating before going to bed.
- C. Drink large amounts of fluids with meals.
- D. Eat only three large meals daily.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Consuming small, frequent meals helps manage nausea by preventing an empty stomach, which can worsen symptoms. Eating smaller meals throughout the day can help stabilize blood sugar levels and provide a constant source of nutrients. This approach is recommended for managing nausea during early pregnancy.
Choice B is incorrect because avoiding eating before bed does not address the underlying issue of nausea during the day.
Choice C is incorrect because drinking large amounts of fluids with meals may worsen nausea by causing bloating and discomfort.
Choice D is incorrect because eating only three large meals daily can lead to periods of fasting in between meals, which may exacerbate nausea.
The nurse is monitoring a client in active labor with ruptured membranes. What finding requires immediate action?
- A. Contractions every 3–5 minutes.
- B. Temperature of 100.4°F.
- C. Fetal heart rate of 100 beats/minute.
- D. Clear amniotic fluid.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fetal heart rate of 100 beats/minute. A fetal heart rate of 100 beats/minute is bradycardia, indicating fetal distress and requiring immediate action to prevent adverse outcomes. Contractions every 3-5 minutes are normal in active labor. A temperature of 100.4°F indicates a low-grade fever but is not an immediate concern unless it continues to rise. Clear amniotic fluid is a normal finding after membrane rupture and does not require immediate action. Therefore, monitoring and addressing the fetal heart rate abnormalities are crucial in this situation.
Which nursing intervention can help prevent postpartum depression?
- A. Provide printed educational material
- B. Encourage the mother to join a support group
- C. Assess the mother for risk factors of depression
- D. Administer antidepressants as prescribed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because joining a support group can provide emotional support and reduce feelings of isolation, which are key factors in preventing postpartum depression. Printed educational material (A) may not offer personalized support. Assessing for risk factors (C) is important but alone may not prevent depression. Administering antidepressants (D) is a treatment, not a prevention strategy.
According to the WHO, in 2022, what percentage of all new HIV infections occurred among persons AFAB?
- A. 46%
- B. 63%
- C. 10%
- D. 25%
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (46%). The term "AFAB" refers to "assigned female at birth." According to the WHO, around 46% of all new HIV infections in 2022 occurred among individuals assigned female at birth. This statistic highlights the disproportionate burden of HIV on this particular demographic. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the specific data provided by the WHO for new HIV infections among persons AFAB in 2022.