Nokea
The nurse is preparing medications for a client with bipolar disorder and notices that the antipsychotic medication was discontinued several days ago. Which medication should also be discontinued?
- A. Alprazolam (Xanax)
- B. Benztropine (Cogentin)
- C. Magnesium (Milk of Magnesia)
- D. Lithium (Lithotabs)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Benztropine (Cogentin). Benztropine is a medication commonly used to treat extrapyramidal side effects caused by antipsychotic medications. If the antipsychotic medication is discontinued, there is no longer a need for Benztropine. Alprazolam (A) is used to treat anxiety and should not be automatically discontinued. Magnesium (C) is a laxative and unrelated to bipolar disorder treatment. Lithium (D) is a mood stabilizer commonly used in bipolar disorder treatment and should not be discontinued without a healthcare provider's guidance.
You may also like to solve these questions
A patient being treated for insomnia is prescribed ramelteon (Rozerem). Which comorbid mental health condition would make this medication the hypnotic of choice for this particular patient?
- A. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- B. Generalized anxiety disorder
- C. Persistent depressive disorder
- D. Substance use disorder
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Substance use disorder. Ramelteon is a melatonin receptor agonist used to treat insomnia by regulating the sleep-wake cycle without the risk of dependence or abuse, making it ideal for patients with substance use disorder. People with substance use disorder often have disrupted sleep patterns, and ramelteon can help improve their sleep without the risk of worsening their substance use disorder.
A: Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Ramelteon does not specifically target symptoms of OCD.
B: Generalized anxiety disorder - While insomnia can be a symptom of GAD, other medications may be more suitable for addressing anxiety symptoms.
C: Persistent depressive disorder - Ramelteon may not directly address depressive symptoms, and other medications may be more effective for PDD.
Overall, the unique pharmacological profile of ramelteon makes it an appropriate choice for patients with substance use disorder who also have insomnia.
Besides antianxiety agents, which classification of drugs is also commonly given to treat anxiety and anxiety disorders?
- A. Antipsychotics
- B. Mood stabilizers
- C. Antidepressants
- D. Cholinesterase inhibitors
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Antidepressants. Antidepressants are commonly used to treat anxiety and anxiety disorders due to their ability to regulate neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine, which play a role in mood regulation and anxiety. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are often prescribed for anxiety disorders, as they help improve symptoms of anxiety over time. Antipsychotics (A) are typically used for psychotic disorders, mood stabilizers (B) are used for bipolar disorder, and cholinesterase inhibitors (D) are used in conditions like Alzheimer's disease.
Which drug group calls for nursing assessment for development of abnormal movement disorders among individuals who take therapeutic dosages?
- A. SSRIs
- B. Antipsychotics
- C. Benzodiazepines
- D. Tricyclic antidepressants
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Antipsychotics. Antipsychotics are known to cause abnormal movement disorders like tardive dyskinesia, dystonia, and akathisia. Nursing assessment is crucial to monitor for these side effects. SSRIs (A), Benzodiazepines (C), and Tricyclic antidepressants (D) do not typically cause abnormal movement disorders. Monitoring for these specific side effects is not a priority with these drug groups.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy is going well when a 12-year-old patient in therapy reports to the nurse practitioner:
- A. I was so mad I wanted to hit my mother.
- B. I thought that everyone at school hated me. That’s not true. Most people like me and I have a friend named Todd.
- C. I forgot that you told me to breathe when I become angry.
- D. I scream as loud as I can when the train goes by the house.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates cognitive restructuring in cognitive-behavioral therapy. The patient challenges their negative thought ("everyone hates me") with evidence to the contrary ("most people like me and I have a friend named Todd"). This shows progress in changing maladaptive thought patterns.
Choice A indicates potential aggression, choice C suggests poor retention of coping strategies, and choice D implies a maladaptive coping mechanism. Overall, B is the correct choice as it aligns with the goals of cognitive-behavioral therapy to challenge and reframe negative thoughts.
Gilbert, age 19, is described by his parents as a 'moody child' with an onset of odd behavior about at age 14, which caused Gilbert to suffer academically and socially. Gilbert has lost the ability to complete household chores, is reluctant to leave the house, and is obsessed with the locks on the windows and doors. Due to Gilbert’s early and slow onset of what is now recognized as schizophrenia, his prognosis is considered:
- A. Favorable with medication
- B. In the relapse stage
- C. Improvable with psychosocial interventions
- D. To have a less positive outcome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: To have a less positive outcome. Gilbert's symptoms of odd behavior, academic decline, social withdrawal, inability to perform household chores, and obsession with locks are indicative of schizophrenia, a severe and chronic mental disorder. Onset at a young age and slow progression are associated with a poorer prognosis. Medication can help manage symptoms but may not completely alleviate them. Psychosocial interventions may offer some support but are unlikely to significantly alter the course of the illness. The relapse stage implies some improvement followed by worsening, which is not described in Gilbert's case. Therefore, option D is the most appropriate as it reflects the challenging nature of schizophrenia in young individuals like Gilbert.