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The nurse is preparing the patient for a thoracentesis. What must be completed before the procedure may be performed?
- A. Physical assessment
- B. Interview
- C. Informed consent
- D. Surgical checklist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The doctrine of informed consent refers to full disclosure of the facts the patient needs to make an intelligent (informed) decision before any invasive treatment or procedure is performed. A physical assessment, interview, and surgical checklist are not required before this procedure.
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Patients have expectations regarding the health care services they receive. To protect these expectations which of the following has become law?
- A. American Hospital Association's Patient's Bill of Rights
- B. Self-Determination Act
- C. American Hospital Association's Standards of Care
- D. The Joint Commission's rights and responsibilities of patients
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients have expectations regarding the health care services they receive. In 1972, the American Hospital Association (AHA) developed the Patient's Bill of Rights. The Self-Determination Act, American Hospital Association's Standards of Care, and The Joint Commission's rights and responsibilities do not address patients' expectations regarding health care.
An older adult is admitted to the hospital with numerous bodily bruises and the nurse suspects elder abuse. What is the best nursing action?
- A. Cover the bruises with bandages.
- B. Take photographs of the bruises.
- C. Ask the patient if anyone has hit her.
- D. Report the bruises to the charge nurse.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The law stipulates that the health care professional is required to report certain information to the appropriate authorities. The report should be given to a supervisor or directly to the police, according to agency policy. When acting in good faith to report mandated information (e.g., certain communicable diseases or gunshot wounds), the health care professional is protected from liability.
A nurse working on an acute care medical surgical unit is aware that his or her first duty is to the patient's health safety and well-being. Given this knowledge which of the following is most necessary for the nurse to report?
- A. Unethical behavior of other staff members.
- B. A worker who arrives late
- C. Favoritism shown by nursing administration
- D. Arguments among the staff
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A member of the nursing profession must report behavior that does not meet established standards. Unethical behavior involves failing to perform the duties of a competent caring nurse.
Acts whose performance is required permitted or prohibited are defined by ____ of care.
Correct Answer: standards
Rationale: Standards of care define acts whose performance is required, permitted, or prohibited.
A nurse failed to monitor a patient's respiratory status after medicating the patient with a narcotic analgesic. The patient's respiratory status worsened?. The patient's family claimed the nurse committed malpractice. What must be present for the nurse to be held liable?
- A. A nurse-patient relationship exists.
- B. The nurse failed to perform in a reasonable manner.
- C. There was harm to the patient.
- D. The nurse was prudent in her performance.
- E. The nurse did not cause the patient harm.
- F. Duty does not exist.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: For the court to uphold the charge of malpractice, and to find the nurse liable, the following elements must be present: duty exists, there is a breach of duty, and harm must have occurred.