Nokea
The nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed medication to a client. The nurse should take which initial action?
- A. Verify the client's full name and date of birth
- B. Ask about any medication allergies
- C. Review the client's vital signs
- D. Review medications and potential interactions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Verifying client identity using two identifiers is the initial step to ensure safe medication administration.
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The nurse should assess a client with thrombocytopenia who has developed a hemorrhage for which of the following?
- A. Tachycardia.
- B. Bradycardia.
- C. Decreased urine output.
- D. Hypotension.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemorrhage in a client with thrombocytopenia can lead to hypovolemia, causing tachycardia as the heart compensates for decreased blood volume. Bradycardia is not typical, and while decreased urine output and hypotension may occur later, tachycardia is an earlier and more immediate sign.
The nurse is teaching a 17-year-old client and the client's family about what to expect with high-dose chemotherapy. Which of the following side effects should be included in the teaching plan?
- A. Fever.
- B. Chills.
- C. Tachycardia.
- D. Dyspnea.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fever is a common side effect of high-dose chemotherapy due to neutropenia and increased infection risk, and should be included in the teaching plan.
A client with microcytic anemia is having trouble selecting food from the hospital menu. Which food is best for the nurse to suggest for satisfying the client's nutritional needs?
- A. Egg yolks.
- B. Brown rice.
- C. Vegetables.
- D. Tea.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Microcytic anemia is often due to iron deficiency. Egg yolks are a good source of iron, particularly heme iron, which is highly bioavailable. Brown rice and vegetables contain non-heme iron but in lower amounts, and tea inhibits iron absorption due to tannins. Egg yolks are the best choice.
Which of the following clients is most at risk for potential hazards from the surgical experience?
- A. A 68-year-old client.
- B. A 48-year-old client.
- C. A 30-year-old client.
- D. A 13-year-old client.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The 68-year-old client is most at risk due to age-related declines in organ function, slower recovery, and higher likelihood of comorbidities, increasing surgical complications.
Experimental and epidemiologic evidence suggests that a high-fat diet increases the risk of several cancers. Which of the following cancers is linked to a high-fat diet?
- A. Ovarian.
- B. Lung.
- C. Colon.
- D. Liver.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A high-fat diet is strongly associated with an increased risk of colon cancer, as it can promote inflammation and alter gut microbiota, contributing to carcinogenesis.