Nokea
The nurse is preparing to administer streptomycin 0.25 g. The directions say to reconstitute with 9 mL of sterile water for a concentration of 400 mg/2 mL. How many mLs will the nurse give? Fill in the blank.
Correct Answer: 1.25 mL
Rationale: Dose: 0.25 g = 250 mg. Concentration: 400 mg/2 mL = 200 mg/mL. Volume = 250 mg ÷ 200 mg/mL = 1.25 mL.
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When assessing a client's skin, the nurse notes a scattered red rash on the trunk. The individual lesions are about 0.5 cm in diameter and are flat, nonpalpable, and circumscribed. How would this type of lesion be classified?
- A. Papule
- B. Nodule
- C. Macule
- D. Patch
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A flat, nonpalpable lesion ≤1 cm is a macule (C). Papules (A) are raised, nodules (B) are deeper and larger, and patches (D) are larger flat lesions.
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being evaluated by the transplant team. The client's glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is 14 mL/min. This places the client in which stage of CKD?
- A. stage 1
- B. stage 5
- C. stage 4
- D. stage 2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: GFR <15 mL/min indicates stage 5 CKD (end-stage renal disease), often requiring dialysis or transplant.
A child with a history of seizures begins to seize suddenly in his hospital room. The nurse would do all of the following interventions EXCEPT
- A. loosen the child's clothing and remove the pillow from his bed.
- B. administer lorazepam rectally.
- C. roll the child on his side.
- D. restrain the child's arms and legs.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Restraining during a seizure risks injury. Loosening clothing, removing pillows, rolling to the side, and administering lorazepam (if ordered) are appropriate to ensure safety and stop the seizure.
The physician has ordered a blood test for H. pylori. The nurse should prepare the client by:
- A. Withholding oral intake after midnight
- B. Telling the client that no special preparation is needed
- C. Explaining that a small dose of radioactive isotope will be used
- D. Giving an oral suspension of glucose 1 hour before the test
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A blood test for H. pylori requires no special preparation, such as fasting or administration of substances.
The primary cause of anemia in a client with chronic renal failure is:
- A. Poor iron absorption
- B. Destruction of red blood cells
- C. Lack of intrinsic factor
- D. Insufficient erythropoietin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic renal failure reduces erythropoietin production by the kidneys, leading to decreased red blood cell production and anemia.