Nokea
The nurse is preparing to teach a client with microcytic hypochromic anemia about the diet to follow after discharge. Which of the following foods should be included in the diet?
- A. Eggs.
- B. Lettuce.
- C. Citrus fruits.
- D. Cheese.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Microcytic hypochromic anemia is often caused by iron deficiency. Eggs are a good source of dietary iron, particularly heme iron, which is well-absorbed by the body. Lettuce and citrus fruits do not provide significant iron, though citrus fruits can enhance iron absorption when consumed with iron-rich foods. Cheese is not a significant source of iron. Therefore, eggs should be included in the diet.
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Which of the following symptoms might indicate that a client was developing tetany after a subtotal thyroidectomy?
- A. Pains in the joints of the hands and feet.
- B. Tingling in the fingers.
- C. Bleeding on the back of the dressing.
- D. Tension on the suture line.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tetany, caused by hypocalcemia from parathyroid gland damage during thyroidectomy, presents with tingling in the fingers, muscle cramps, or spasms.
The client is diagnosed in the emergency department with a detached retina in the right eye. The nurse should do which of the following first?
- A. Apply compresses to the eye.
- B. Administer analgesics to reduce pain.
- C. Remove all bed pillows.
- D. Promote measures that limit mobility.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Limiting mobility is the priority to prevent further detachment of the retina by reducing eye movement and strain until surgical intervention can be performed.
The nurse conducts a review course on older adults and medication elimination/excretion. It would be appropriate for the nurse to note which factor may impact drug elimination? Select all that apply.
- A. Diminished glomerular filtration
- B. Decreased hepatic enzyme functioning
- C. Decreased peristalsis
- D. Lower pH of the gastric secretions
- E. Increased acidity of the gastric secretions
- F. Low functioning nephrons
Correct Answer: A,B,F
Rationale: Diminished glomerular filtration, decreased hepatic function, and low-functioning nephrons impair drug elimination in older adults.
A 52-year-old client is scheduled for a total abdominal hysterectomy for cervical cancer. The nurse is preparing preoperative teaching. Which of the following should be included in the teaching plan to address potential changes in sexuality?
- A. Sexual intercourse will not be possible after surgery.
- B. Vaginal dryness may occur, and water-soluble lubricants can help.
- C. Menopausal symptoms will not occur if ovaries are preserved.
- D. Sexual desire will remain unchanged after surgery.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vaginal dryness is a common side effect after hysterectomy due to changes in vaginal tissue and potential hormonal shifts, even if ovaries are preserved. Teaching about water-soluble lubricants helps the client prepare for and manage this change.
The nurse is obtaining the pulse of a client who has had a femoral-popliteal bypass surgery 6 hours ago. Which assessment provides the most accurate information about the client's postoperative status?
- A. Radial pulse
- B. Pedal pulse
- C. Brachial pulse
- D. Popliteal pulse
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing the pedal pulse post-femoral-popliteal bypass is most accurate for evaluating graft patency and distal perfusion. A palpable or Doppler-detected pedal pulse indicates successful restoration of blood flow to the lower extremity. Other pulses (radial, brachial, popliteal) are less specific to the surgical site.