Nokea
The nurse is presenting at a staff development conference about medications used to treat heart failure. The nurse recognizes which medications are used to treat heart failure. Select all that apply.
- A. furosemide
- B. metformin
- C. lisinopril
- D. digoxin
- E. warfarin
- F. metoprolol
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Furosemide (diuretic), lisinopril (ACE inhibitor), digoxin (cardiac glycoside), and metoprolol (beta-blocker) are used in heart failure. Metformin and warfarin are not standard treatments.
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The nurse is preparing to administer amiodarone. Which of the following laboratory test results should the nurse monitor during the therapy?
- A. white blood cell (WBC) count
- B. serum glucose level
- C. serum uric acid level
- D. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Amiodarone can cause thyroid dysfunction, so TSH levels should be monitored. WBC, glucose, and uric acid are not typically affected.
The nurse has provided discharge instructions to a client who was prescribed niacin. Which of the following statements, if made by the client, would indicate effective teaching?
- A. This medication may increase my blood pressure.
- B. I may experience flushing while taking this medication.
- C. This medication may raise my total cholesterol.
- D. I may feel fatigued and tired after taking this medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Niacin commonly causes flushing, a harmless but notable side effect, indicating effective teaching. It does not increase blood pressure or cholesterol and is not typically associated with fatigue.
The nurse is teaching a continuing education course regarding cardiovascular medications. It would be appropriate for the nurse to reinforce which condition is a contraindication to administering calcium channel blockers?
- A. Atrial fibrillation
- B. Hypertension
- C. Peripheral vascular disease
- D. Systolic heart failure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Calcium channel blockers, especially non-dihydropyridines, are contraindicated in systolic heart failure due to their negative inotropic effects. They may be used in atrial fibrillation, hypertension, or peripheral vascular disease.
A nurse is caring for a client receiving nitroglycerin. It is essential to monitor the client's
- A. heart tones.
- B. respirations.
- C. urinary output.
- D. blood pressure.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nitroglycerin, a vasodilator, can cause hypotension, so monitoring blood pressure is essential. Heart tones, respirations, and urinary output are less critical.
The nurse is answering phones in the general practice clinic and receives a call from a client who is experiencing leg pain after starting atorvastatin. Which of the following should the nurse advise the client to do?
- A. Continue taking the medication as this is an expected side effect.
- B. Discontinue the medication and schedule an appointment for the next week.
- C. Stretch for 20 minutes or take a warm shower.
- D. Discontinue the medication and go to the emergency room as soon as possible.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Leg pain with atorvastatin may indicate myopathy or rhabdomyolysis, a serious side effect requiring immediate discontinuation and emergency evaluation.