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The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a woman in her second trimester regarding signs/symptoms that are within normal limits during the latter half of the pregnancy.
- A. During the third trimester I may experience frequent urination.
- B. During the third trimester I may experience heartburn.
- C. During the third trimester I may experience nagging backaches.
- D. During the third trimester I may experience persistent headache.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frequent urination, heartburn, and backaches are common during the third trimester due to the growing uterus putting pressure on the bladder and digestive system, as well as changes in posture. Persistent headaches are not normal and should be reported.
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What change occurs at the same time as quickening?
- A. Fetal heart begins to beat
- B. Lanugo covers the body
- C. Kidneys secrete urine
- D. Fingernails begin to form
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Quickening typically coincides with the onset of fetal kidney function and urine secretion.
What is the total number of chromosomes contained in a mature sperm or ovum?
- A. 22
- B. 23
- C. 44
- D. 46
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gametes (sex chromosomes) contain 23 chromosomes.
What factor should the nurse consider when counseling a Chinese immigrant?
- A. Many Chinese eat little protein
- B. Many Chinese believe in eating cold foods
- C. Many Chinese are prone to anemia
- D. Many Chinese believe strawberries cause birth defects
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cultural beliefs, such as the idea that strawberries might cause birth defects, should be considered to provide culturally sensitive care.
A pregnant patient at 34 weeks gestation is experiencing heartburn. Which of the following is the nurse's most appropriate recommendation?
- A. Take antacids regularly to manage heartburn.
- B. Lie down immediately after meals to aid digestion.
- C. Eat small, frequent meals and avoid spicy or greasy foods.
- D. Avoid drinking fluids during meals to prevent heartburn.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Option C is the most appropriate recommendation because eating small, frequent meals and avoiding spicy or greasy foods can help reduce heartburn during pregnancy. Large meals can exacerbate heartburn, so smaller meals are easier to digest. Spicy and greasy foods can also trigger heartburn. Options A, B, and D are not recommended for managing heartburn during pregnancy. Taking antacids regularly can lead to potential risks for the developing fetus. Lying down immediately after meals can worsen heartburn due to increased intra-abdominal pressure, and avoiding fluids during meals may not necessarily prevent heartburn.
A pregnant woman informs the nurse that her last normal menstrual period was on September 20, 2012. Using Nagele’s rule, the nurse calculates the client’s estimated date of delivery as:
- A. May 30, 2013.
- B. June 20, 2013.
- C. June 27, 2013.
- D. July 3, 2013.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using Nagele’s rule (adding 7 days to the first day of the last menstrual period, subtracting 3 months, and adding 1 year), the calculated EDD is June 27, 2013.