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The nurse is providing care to the adult female patient who presents to the emergency department with a suspected myocardial infarction (MI). Which symptom indicates a possible MI for the female patient?
- A. Chest pain that radiates to the right arm and jaw
- B. Episodic nausea/indigestion and palpitations
- C. Sudden onset of trouble walking, and loss of balance
- D. Swelling of the feet and shortness of breath
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For female patients, the classic symptom of a myocardial infarction (MI) is often different from that in male patients. While chest pain that radiates to the right arm and jaw is a common symptom in male patients, female patients may present with more subtle symptoms. Episodic nausea/indigestion and palpitations are more commonly seen in female patients experiencing a myocardial infarction. It is important for healthcare providers to recognize and consider these atypical symptoms in female patients to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.
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With regard to an obstetric litigation case, a nurse working in labor and birth is found to be negligent. Which intervention performed by the nurse indicates that a breach of duty has occurred?
- A. The nurse did not document fetal heart tones (FHR) during the second stage of labor.
- B. The patient was only provided ice chips during the labor period, which lasted 8 hours.
- C. The nurse allowed the patient to use the bathroom rather than a bedpan during the first stage of labor.
- D. The nurse asked family members to leave the room when she prepared to do a pelvic exam on the patient.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In an obstetric setting, failure to document fetal heart tones (FHR) during the second stage of labor is a critical breach of duty by the nurse. Monitoring FHR is essential to assess fetal well-being and detect any signs of distress or complications during labor. Neglecting to document this important vital sign could result in delayed recognition of fetal distress, potentially leading to adverse outcomes for the baby and the mother. Therefore, this intervention indicates negligence on the part of the nurse in this scenario.
During which phase of the cycle of violence does the batterer become contrite and remorseful?
- A. Battering
- B. Honeymoon
- C. Tension-building
- D. Increased drug taking
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During the cycle of violence, the batterer displays contrition and remorse during the Honeymoon phase. This phase follows the Battering phase, characterized by the abusive behavior and violence, and precedes the Tension-building phase where stress and tension begin to escalate. The Honeymoon phase is marked by the abuser showing remorse, apologizing, and trying to make amends for their violent behavior. This phase often involves the abuser being extra charming, affectionate, and demonstrating efforts to reconcile with the victim. It is important to note that the Honeymoon phase is often temporary and is part of the cycle that may repeat unless intervention and support are sought.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who is at 29 weeks of gestation. Which of the following results should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. WBC count 11,000/mm3
- B. Hgb 11.2 g/dL
- C. Hct 34%
- D. Platelets 140,000/mm3
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A platelet count of 140,000/mm³ is concerning as it is on the lower end of normal and could indicate thrombocytopenia, increasing the risk of bleeding.
Preconception and prenatal care have become important components of women's health. What is the guiding principle of preconception care?
- A. Ensure that pregnancy complications do not occur.
- B. Identify the woman who should not become pregnant.
- C. Encourage healthy lifestyles for families desiring pregnancy.
- D. Ensure that women know about prenatal care.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main focus of preconception care is to encourage healthy lifestyles and address any potential risks before pregnancy occurs.
Which nonpharmacologic contraceptive method has a failure rate of less than 25%?
- A. Standard days' variation
- B. Periodic abstinence
- C. Postovulation
- D. Coitus interruptus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The standard days variation method, a calendar-based approach, has a lower failure rate than periodic abstinence, postovulation, and coitus interruptus.