Nokea
The nurse is providing community education at the mall. The nurse is instructing on the muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. The nurse outlines this structure on a drawing and labels it with which of the following?
- A. Pharynx
- B. Pylorus
- C. Esophagus
- D. Ileum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The esophagus begins at the base of the pharynx and ends at the opening of the stomach. Layers of muscular tissue surround the esophagus. The pharynx is part of the throat situated immediately inferior to the mouth and nasal cavity. The pylorus is the region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. The ileum is a portion of the small intestine.
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Which nursing instruction is correct to provide the client following a barium enema?
- A. The client will maintain a low residue diet.
- B. The stools may be a white or clay colored.
- C. Sips of fluid may be increased if tolerated.
- D. An enema will be used to clear the bowel.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is important to instruct the client that it is normal to have a white- or clay-colored stool following the barium enema. The client should report the color of the stool to the nurse. A progression of clay-colored stools to brown-colored stools should be noted. The client is prescribed a low-residue diet before the procedure. An increased fluid intake is offered to eliminate the barium from the bowel. The client is encouraged to move the bowel independently.
The nurse is caring for a client recovering from an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Which of the following client symptoms would require further nursing assessment?
- A. Drowsiness
- B. Abdominal distention
- C. Sore throat
- D. Thirst
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is correct to fully assess the client experiencing abdominal distention following an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Abdominal distention could indicate complications such as perforation and bleeding. The client experiences drowsiness from the sedative during the early recovery process and a sore throat from passage of the scope. The client may also experience thirst because the client has not had liquids for a period of time.
When assisting with preparing a client scheduled for a barium swallow, which instruction would be appropriate to include?
- A. Avoid smoking for at least 12 to 24 hours before the procedure.
- B. Take vitamin K before the procedure.
- C. Take three cleansing enemas before the procedure.
- D. Avoid the intake of red meat before the procedure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to avoid smoking for at least a day before the procedure of barium swallow because smoking stimulates gastric motility. The client is advised to take vitamin K before a liver biopsy and instructed to take three cleansing enemas before a barium enema. Instruction to avoid red meat would be appropriate for a client who is having a Hemoccult test.
The nurse is instructing the client who was newly diagnosed with peptic ulcers. Which of the following diagnostic studies would the nurse anticipate reviewing with the client?
- A. A complete blood count including differential
- B. Serum antibodies for H. pylori
- C. A sigmoidoscopy
- D. Gastric analysis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium, is believed to be responsible for the majority of peptic ulcers. Blood tests are used to determine whether there are antibodies to H. pylori in the blood. A complete blood count with differential can indicate bleeding and infection associated with a bleeding ulcer. A sigmoidoscopy assesses the lower gastrointestinal tract. Gastric analysis is more common in analyzing gastric fluid in determining problems with the secretory activity of the gastric mucosa.
The nurse is working with clients with digestive tract disorders. Which organ does the nurse realize has effects as an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland?
- A. Gallbladder
- B. Pancreas
- C. Stomach
- D. Liver
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The pancreas is both an exocrine gland, one that releases secretions into a duct or channel, and an endocrine gland, one that releases substances directly into the bloodstream. The other organs have a variety of functions but do not have a combination function such as the pancreas.