Nokea
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client prescribed sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. It is okay to stop taking this medication when you feel better.
- B. Restrict fluid intake to prevent hypertension.
- C. Increase your fluid intake while on this medication.
- D. Seek emergency care if your urine turns a dark brown.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake (Choice C) is important when taking sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim to prevent crystalluria and kidney damage. Choice A is incorrect; the full course of antibiotics must be completed. Choice B is incorrect; fluid restriction is not recommended and does not prevent hypertension. Choice D is incorrect; dark brown urine is not a typical adverse effect requiring emergency care, though it should be reported.
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What is the priority nursing action for a client with a suspected brain tumor?
- A. Administer pain medication.
- B. Monitor neurological status.
- C. Provide emotional support.
- D. Restrict physical activity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring neurological status is the priority to detect changes associated with a brain tumor.
A client with peripheral vascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease takes theophylline (Theo-Dur) 200 mg twice daily every day. The physician is considering adding pentoxifylline (Trental) to the regimen. The nurse should be aware that:
- A. The combination may increase the risk of bleeding
- B. The combination may increase theophylline levels
- C. The combination may cause severe hypotension
- D. The combination is contraindicated
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pentoxifylline may increase theophylline levels by inhibiting its metabolism, potentially leading to toxicity (e.g., nausea, tachycardia). The nurse should monitor theophylline levels and symptoms. Bleeding risk, severe hypotension, or contraindication are not documented interactions.
A client has renal colic due to renal lithiasis. What is the nurse's first priority in managing care for this client?
- A. I need to know the client to ingest fluids.
- B. Encourage the client to drink at least 500 mL of water each hour.
- C. Request the central supply department to send supplies for straining urine.
- D. Administer an opioid analgesic as prescribed.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe pain from renal colic is the priority, requiring opioid analgesics for immediate relief to improve client comfort and cooperation.
Which of the following medications should be available to provide emergency treatment if a client develops tetany after a subtotal thyroidectomy?
- A. Sodium phosphate.
- B. Calcium gluconate.
- C. Echothiophate iodide.
- D. Sodium bicarbonate.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcium gluconate is used to treat tetany by correcting hypocalcemia, which causes muscle spasms and tingling.
The nurse is teaching the family of a client with dysphagia about decreasing the risk of aspiration while eating. Which of the following strategies is not appropriate?
- A. Maintaining an upright position.
- B. Restricting the diet to liquids until swallowing improves.
- C. Introducing foods on the unaffected side of the mouth.
- D. Keeping distractions to a minimum.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Restricting the diet to liquids increases aspiration risk, as liquids are harder to control. Upright positioning, using the unaffected side, and minimizing distractions reduce aspiration risk.