Nokea
The nurse is providing education to the parents of an infant with cradle cap. Which of the following statements by the parents indicates their understanding?
- A. We should use hydrogen peroxide as shampoo for my child until it is resolved
- B. We should expect that my child will probably have asthma & allergies too
- C. We should brush the loosened crusts out of the hair after shampooing
- D. We should decrease the frequency that I wash my child's hair to once a week
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "We should brush the loosened crusts out of the hair after shampooing." This statement indicates understanding as brushing the loosened crusts helps to remove the scales and prevent further build-up. Hydrogen peroxide (A) is not recommended for cradle cap as it can irritate the skin. Asthma and allergies (B) are not directly related to cradle cap. Decreasing hair wash frequency to once a week (D) can worsen cradle cap by allowing build-up of oils and dead skin cells.
You may also like to solve these questions
A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old toddler. Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend to promote independence in eating?
- A. Banana Slices
- B. Grapes
- C. Hot dog
- D. Popcorn
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Banana Slices. Toddlers can easily pick up banana slices with their fingers, promoting independence in self-feeding. Bananas are soft and easy to chew, reducing the risk of choking compared to grapes, hot dogs, and popcorn, which are common choking hazards for young children. Grapes and hot dogs can easily get stuck in a toddler's throat due to their shape and texture. Popcorn is a choking hazard due to its hard and small size. Therefore, recommending banana slices is the safest and most developmentally appropriate choice for promoting independence in eating for a 2-year-old toddler.
Which is the most definitive diagnosis of leukemia?
- A. A detailed history that includes bone pain and recurrent infections
- B. A lumbar puncture to ascertain if leukemic cells are in the cerebral spinal fluid
- C. A CBC with differential to check the morphology of all the blood cells
- D. A bone marrow biopsy will show an infiltrate of blast cells
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A bone marrow biopsy will show an infiltrate of blast cells. A bone marrow biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing leukemia as it provides direct visualization of the bone marrow cells. In leukemia, there is an abnormal proliferation of immature cells called blast cells. Therefore, the presence of blast cells in the bone marrow biopsy confirms the diagnosis.
A: A detailed history may provide valuable information, but it is not definitive for diagnosing leukemia.
B: A lumbar puncture is more relevant for diagnosing central nervous system involvement in leukemia, not for confirming the diagnosis itself.
C: A CBC with differential can show abnormalities in blood cell counts, but it does not provide direct visualization of blast cells in the bone marrow.
E, F, G: No additional options provided.
In summary, the most definitive diagnosis of leukemia is confirmed through a bone marrow biopsy, which directly shows the presence of blast cells, distinguishing it from the other choices.
A 36 pound almost 3-year-old arrives to the ED with dehydration. The provider orders an IV fluid bolus, 15 ml/kg over 30 minutes. How many ml will the nurse administer?
- A. 164 ml
- B. 246 ml
- C. 460 ml
- D. 640 ml
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 246 ml. To calculate the IV fluid bolus amount, first, we need to determine the child's weight in kilograms: 36 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 16.36 kg. Next, multiply the weight in kg by the ordered dose of 15 ml/kg: 16.36 kg x 15 ml/kg = 245.4 ml. Since it is recommended to round up in pediatric dosing, the nurse will administer 246 ml. Choice A is incorrect as it underestimates the dose. Choices C and D are incorrect as they overestimate the dose.
Which are appropriate actions to manage a hospitalized child with hemophilia? (Select all that apply).
- A. Administer Factor VII for bleeding crises
- B. Administer platelets for bleeding crises
- C. Avoid unnecessary skin punctures
- D. Administer Ibuprofen for complaints of discomfort
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The correct answers are A and C. Administering Factor VII helps in managing bleeding crises in hemophiliac patients. Factor VII aids in clotting, essential for stopping bleeding. Avoiding unnecessary skin punctures reduces the risk of bleeding episodes in hemophilia patients. Platelets (B) and Ibuprofen (D) are not appropriate for managing hemophilia. Platelets do not address the underlying clotting factor deficiency in hemophilia, and Ibuprofen can worsen bleeding due to its antiplatelet effects.
Which of the following is a serious complication of acute rheumatic fever?
- A. Seizures
- B. Coronary aneurysms
- C. Pulmonary hypertension
- D. Cardiac valve damage
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cardiac valve damage. Acute rheumatic fever can lead to inflammation of the heart valves, causing damage and leading to conditions like mitral stenosis or regurgitation. This occurs due to an autoimmune response triggered by a previous streptococcal infection. Choice A, seizures, is not typically associated with acute rheumatic fever. Choice B, coronary aneurysms, is more commonly linked to conditions like Kawasaki disease. Choice C, pulmonary hypertension, is not a typical complication of acute rheumatic fever. Thus, the correct answer is D, as it aligns with the known pathophysiology of the disease.