Nokea
The nurse is providing teaching on the home treatment of acute sinusitis. Which interventions should the nurse advise the client to implement? Select all that apply.
- A. Take over-the-counter ranitidine.
- B. Apply warm compresses to the face.
- C. Use saline nasal spray as directed.
- D. Take over-the-counter pseudoephedrine.
- E. Spend time outdoors in the sunlight.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Applying warm compresses, using saline nasal spray, and taking a decongestant like pseudoephedrine relieve nasal and sinus congestion. Ranitidine treats dyspepsia, and sunlight exposure is unrelated to sinusitis.
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The nurse is assessing the client receiving brimonidine eye drops. Which assessment findings will the nurse recognize as known side effects of brimonidine? Select all that apply.
- A. Blurred vision
- B. Ocular itching
- C. Ocular stinging
- D. Hearing loss
- E. Conjunctivitis
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Brimonidine (Alphagan) is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist; the nurse should recognize blurred vision, ocular itching, ocular stinging, and conjunctivitis as side effects of brimonidine. Hearing loss is not a side effect of brimonidine.
What should the nurse include when teaching the client with Parkinson's disease?
- A. He should try to continue working as long as he can remain sitting most of the day.
- B. Drooling may be reduced somewhat if he remembers to swallow frequently.
- C. He should return monthly for lab tests, which will predict the progression of the disease.
- D. Emotional stress has no effect on voluntary muscle control in clients with Parkinson's disease.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent swallowing can reduce drooling, a common symptom in Parkinson's disease, improving comfort and social interaction.
The male client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus tells the nurse he has begun to see yellow spots. Which interventions should the nurse implement? List in order of priority.
- A. Notify the health-care provider.
- B. Check the client’s hemoglobin A1c.
- C. Assess the client’s vision using the Amsler grid.
- D. Teach the client about controlling blood glucose levels.
- E. Determine where the spots appear to be in the client’s field of vision.
Correct Answer: A,E,C,B,D
Rationale: 1) Notify HCP (urgent for possible diabetic retinopathy); 2) Determine spot location (assess severity); 3) Amsler grid (evaluate central vision); 4) Check HbA1c (assess control); 5) Teach glucose control (long-term management).
A young man was swimming at the beach when an exceptionally large wave caused him to be drawn under the water. His family members found him in the water and pulled him ashore. He states that he heard something snap in his neck. When a nurse arrives, he is conscious and lying on his back. He states that he has no pain. He is unable to move his legs. How should he be transported?
- A. Position him in a prone position and place on a backboard.
- B. Apply a neck collar and position supine on a backboard.
- C. Log roll him to a rigid backboard.
- D. Position in an upright position with a firm neck collar.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A suspected neck injury requires immobilization with a neck collar and supine positioning on a backboard to prevent further spinal cord damage.
A client asks the nurse what causes Parkinson's disease. The nurse's correct reply would be that Parkinson's disease is thought to be due to:
- A. a deficiency of dopamine in the brain.
- B. a demyelinating process affecting the central nervous system.
- C. atrophy of the basal ganglia.
- D. insufficient uptake of acetylcholine in the body.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parkinson's disease is caused by a deficiency of dopamine in the brain, leading to motor symptoms.