Nokea
The nurse is providing teaching to a patient who is having an abdominal ultrasound to evaluate pelvic pain. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Plan to have someone drive you home after the procedure.
- B. Receive IV contrast solution during the procedure.
- C. Expect mild abdominal cramps after the procedure.
- D. Drink several glasses of fluids before the procedure.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A full bladder is needed for many ultrasound procedures, so the nurse will have the patient drink fluids before arriving for the ultrasound. The other instructions are not accurate for this procedure.
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A patient calls the clinic because of an unusually heavy menstrual flow. She tells the nurse that she has saturated two tampons in the past 2 hours. Which of the following amounts of blood loss should the nurse estimate from the patient's information?
- A. 10-20 mL
- B. 20-30 mL
- C. 30-40 mL
- D. 40-60 mL
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The average tampon absorbs 20-30 mL. Since the patient saturated two tampons in 2 hours, the estimated blood loss is 40-60 mL.
The nurse is providing teaching a patient who has been treated for pelvic inflammatory disease. Which of the following information should the nurse teach the patient about?
- A. Irregularities in the menstrual cycle
- B. Changes in secondary sex characteristics
- C. Possible difficulty with becoming pregnant
- D. Use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pelvic inflammatory disease may cause scarring of the fallopian tubes and result in difficulty in fertilization or implantation of the fertilized egg. Because ovarian function is not affected, the patient will not require HRT, have irregular menstrual cycles, or experience changes in secondary sex characteristics.
Which of the following questions should the nurse ask when assessing a patient who has a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?
- A. Have you noticed any unusual discharge from your penis?
- B. Has there been any change in your sex life in the last year?
- C. Do you find it hard to initiate your urinary stream?
- D. Have you been experiencing any difficulty in achieving an erection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Enlargement of the prostate blocks the urethra, leading to urinary changes. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common problem of older men. It can alter normal urination, causing retention and difficulty in initiating the urinary stream. The other questions address possible problems with infection or sexual difficulties but would not be helpful in determining whether there were functional changes caused by BPH.
The nurse is admitting a young adult female patient to the emergency department after an automobile accident and is scheduled for abdominal x-rays. Which of the following information is most important to report to the health care provider before the x-rays are obtained?
- A. Abdominal pain
- B. Positive hCG testing
- C. Temperature 38.9°C
- D. Bruising on the abdomen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A positive hCG test indicates pregnancy, and radiation from x-rays could harm the fetus, making this the most critical information to report. Abdominal pain, fever, and bruising are important but less urgent in this context.
The nurse is assessing the sexual-reproductive functional health pattern for a patient. Which of the following questions is most useful in determining the patient's sexual orientation and risk factors?
- A. Do you have sex with men, women, or both?
- B. Which gender do you prefer to have sex with?
- C. What types of sexual activities do you prefer?
- D. Are you heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This question is the most simply stated and will increase the likelihood of obtaining the relevant information about sexual orientation and possible risk factors associated with sexual activity. A patient who prefers intercourse with women may also have intercourse at times with men. The types of sexual activities engaged in may not indicate sexual orientation. Many patients who have intercourse with both men and women do not identify themselves as homosexual or bisexual.