Nokea
The nurse is reviewing medical histories with several clients during a community health screening event. Which of the following client statements indicate a risk factor for cervical cancer? Select all that apply.
- A. I have had four sexual partners during my lifetime.
- B. I have smoked cigarettes for many years.
- C. I never used birth control pills because my partners wore condoms.
- D. I received treatment for chlamydia when I was younger.
- E. I tested positive for human papillomavirus a few years ago.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Cervical cancer is strongly linked to HPV infection (E), which is transmitted through sexual activity, including with multiple partners (A). Smoking (B) increases risk by impairing immune response to HPV. Chlamydia (D) is associated with chronic inflammation, increasing susceptibility. Condom use (C) reduces but does not eliminate HPV risk and is not a direct risk factor.
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Which of the following activities is most suitable for a 10-year old with asthma?
- A. Soccer
- B. Swimming
- C. Basketball
- D. Constructing model cars
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Swimming is ideal for children with asthma, as the humid environment reduces airway irritation, unlike high-exertion sports like soccer or basketball.
The doctor has ordered two medications to be given intramuscularly. The nurse should:
- A. Ask the doctor to clarify the order.
- B. Give one injection, wait 30 minutes, and give the other.
- C. Determine whether the medications can be combined.
- D. Administer the injections, one in each hip.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse must check if the medications are compatible for combination in one syringe to minimize injections. Administering separately without checking or in specific sites is premature.
A 3 year-old child has tympanostomy tubes in place. The child's parent asks the nurse if he can swim in the family pool. The best response from the nurse is
- A. Your child should not swim at all while the tubes are in place.'
- B. Your child may swim in your own pool but not in a lake or ocean.'
- C. Your child may swim if he wears ear plugs.'
- D. Your child may swim anywhere.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Water should not enter the ears. Children should use ear plugs when bathing or swimming and should not put their heads under the water.
A nurse is caring for a 1-month-old client who is being evaluated for congenital hypothyroidism. The nurse should recognize which of the following as clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism in infants? Select all that apply.
- A. Difficult to awaken
- B. Dry skin
- C. Frequent, loose stools
- D. Hoarse cry
- E. Tachycardia
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Hypothyroidism in infants causes lethargy (A), dry skin (B), and hoarse cry (D) due to slowed metabolism. Loose stools (C) and tachycardia (E) are more typical of hyperthyroidism.
A client is to be discharged on enoxaparin (Lovenox) for the next two days. Which comment by the client indicates a need for further instruction?
- A. I will wash my hands before I prepare the injection.
- B. I will give the injection in my thigh.
- C. I will pinch the skin before I inject the medicine.
- D. I will not massage the area after the shot.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enoxaparin is injected subcutaneously in the abdomen, not the thigh, indicating a need for further teaching.