Nokea
The nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a female patient who possesses numerous risk factors for stroke. Which of the woman's medications carries the greatest potential for reducing her risk of stroke?
- A. Naproxen 250 PO b.i.d.
- B. Calcium carbonate 1,000 mg PO b.i.d.
- C. Aspirin 81 mg PO o.d.
- D. Lorazepam 1 mg SL b.i.d. PRN
- G. C
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low-dose aspirin reduces stroke risk in high-risk women. Naproxen, calcium, and lorazepam do not have this effect.
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A patient with a cerebral aneurysm exhibits signs and symptoms of an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). What nursing intervention would be most appropriate for this patient?
- A. Range-of-motion exercises to prevent contractures
- B. Encouraging independence with ADLs to promote recovery
- C. Early initiation of physical therapy
- D. Absolute bed rest in a quiet, nonstimulating environment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Absolute bed rest minimizes BP elevation, reducing bleeding risk in cerebral aneurysms. Activity-based interventions increase ICP and are contraindicated.
The nurse is assessing a patient with a suspected stroke. What assessment finding is most suggestive of a stroke?
- A. Facial droop
- B. Dysrhythmias
- C. Periorbital edema
- D. Projectile vomiting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Facial droop is a classic stroke sign. Dysrhythmias, edema, and vomiting are less specific or common in acute stroke.
The public health nurse is planning a health promotion campaign that reflects current epidemiologic trends. The nurse should know that hemorrhagic stroke currently accounts for what percentage of total strokes in the United States?
- A. 43%
- B. 33%
- C. 23%
- D. 13%
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hemorrhagic strokes account for 13% of total strokes, with ischemic strokes comprising 87%.
A family member brings the patient to the clinic for a follow-up visit after a stroke. The family member asks the nurse what he can do to decrease his chance of having another stroke. What would be the nurses best answer?
- A. Have your heart checked regularly.
- B. Stop smoking as soon as possible.
- C. Get medication to bring down your sodium levels.
- D. Eat a nutritious diet.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking cessation significantly reduces stroke risk. Heart checks, sodium medication, and diet are less directly impactful.
A patient diagnosed with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) is scheduled for a carotid endarterectomy. The nurse explains that this procedure will be done for what purpose?
- A. To decrease cerebral edema
- B. To prevent seizure activity that is common following a TIA
- C. To remove atherosclerotic plaques blocking cerebral flow
- D. To determine the cause of the TIA
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carotid endarterectomy removes plaques to prevent stroke in patients with occlusive carotid disease. It does not address edema, seizures, or TIA causation.