Nokea
The nurse is scheduling gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic testing for a client. Which GI test should be scheduled first?
- A. Radiography of the gallbladder
- B. Barium enema
- C. Small bowel series
- D. Barium swallow
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Radiography of the gallbladder should be performed before the other GI exams listed in which barium is used because residual barium tends to obscure the images of the gallbladder and its duct.
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The nurse is providing community education at the mall. The nurse is instructing on the muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. The nurse outlines this structure on a drawing and labels it with which of the following?
- A. Pharynx
- B. Pylorus
- C. Esophagus
- D. Ileum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The esophagus begins at the base of the pharynx and ends at the opening of the stomach. Layers of muscular tissue surround the esophagus. The pharynx is part of the throat situated immediately inferior to the mouth and nasal cavity. The pylorus is the region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. The ileum is a portion of the small intestine.
The nurse is working with clients with digestive tract disorders. Which organ does the nurse realize has effects as an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland?
- A. Gallbladder
- B. Pancreas
- C. Stomach
- D. Liver
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The pancreas is both an exocrine gland, one that releases secretions into a duct or channel, and an endocrine gland, one that releases substances directly into the bloodstream. The other organs have a variety of functions but do not have a combination function such as the pancreas.
A client is scheduled for an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) to detect lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. The nurse would observe for which of the following while assessing the client during the procedure?
- A. Signs of perforation
- B. Client's ability to retain the barium
- C. Client's tolerance for pain and discomfort
- D. Gag reflex
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse must assess the client's tolerance for pain and discomfort during the procedure. The nurse should assess the signs of perforation and the gag reflex after the procedure of EGD and not during the procedure. Assessing the client's level for retaining barium is important for a diagnostic test that involves the use of barium. EGD does not involve the use of barium.
The nurse is providing care to a client who has had a percutaneous liver biopsy. For what would the nurse monitor the client?
- A. Signs and symptoms of bleeding
- B. Return of the gag reflex
- C. Passage of stool
- D. Intake and output
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A major complication after a liver biopsy is bleeding, so it would be important for the nurse to monitor the client for signs and symptoms of bleeding. Return of the gag reflex would be important for the client who had an esophagogastroduodenoscopy to prevent aspiration. Monitoring the passage of stool would be important for a client who had a barium enema or colonoscopy. Monitoring intake and output is a general measure indicated for any client. It is not specific to a liver biopsy.
The nurse is examining the skin of a client who is dehydrated due to fluid losses from the gastrointestinal tract. Which would be the most important assessment for the nurse to make?
- A. Checking if the skin is discolored
- B. Checking if the mucous membranes are dry
- C. Examining the sclera if it is yellow
- D. Observing for distended abdominal veins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mucous membranes may be dry, and skin turgor may be poor in clients suffering from dehydration as a result of fluid losses from the GI tract. Checking the skin for discoloration and inspecting the sclera if it is yellow is taken into consideration when the client could have symptoms of jaundice, not fluid losses. Distended abdominal veins are not associated with dehydration.