Nokea
The nurse is seeing a client and her 11-month-old baby in the clinic for a wellness checkup. Which comment by the mother would prompt the nurse to notify the health care provider?
- A. She loves to play peekaboo.
- B. She loves to look at herself in the mirror.
- C. She does not like to be around strangers.
- D. She does not try to crawl when I put her down.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lack of crawling at 11 months may indicate developmental delay, requiring provider evaluation. Other behaviors are age-appropriate.
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A child with thrush has been prescribed fluconazole (Diflucan). The child's mother asks what this medication is used for, and the nurse correctly replies,
- A. This is an antiviral medication used to treat your child's viral infection.'
- B. This medication is used to treat yeast infections.'
- C. This medication is an analgesic that will ease your child's pain while eating.'
- D. This is an antibiotic for your child's bacterial infection.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fluconazole is an antifungal used to treat thrush, a yeast infection caused by Candida.
A 15-year-old client was involved in an auto accident and requires emergency surgery to control bleeding, but both parents are out of town and unable to sign the consent form. Which of the following is the most appropriate action?
- A. The client signs the consent form.
- B. The parents give telephone consent with two witnesses listening.
- C. The parents give email consent.
- D. The physician operates without consent because of the emergency situation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In an emergency where a minor requires life-saving surgery and parents are unavailable, the physician can proceed without consent (D) to save the client's life. Client consent (A), telephone consent (B), or email consent (C) are not appropriate in this urgent situation.
Which vitamin should be administered with INH (isoniazid) in order to prevent possible nervous system side effects?
- A. Thiamine
- B. Niacin
- C. Pyridoxine
- D. Riboflavin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is given with isoniazid to prevent peripheral neuropathy, a potential side effect of the medication.
A client tells the nurse that she takes St. John's wort (hypericum perforatum) three times a day for mild depression. The nurse should tell the client that:
- A. St. John's wort seldom relieves depression.
- B. She should avoid eating aged cheese.
- C. Skin reactions increase with the use of sunscreen.
- D. The herbal is safe to use with other antidepressants.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: St. John's wort can cause photosensitivity, increasing the risk of skin reactions, so sunscreen use is recommended, not avoided.
The nurse is caring for a neonate whose mother is diabetic. The nurse will expect the neonate to be:
- A. Hypoglycemic, small for gestational age
- B. Hyperglycemic, large for gestational age
- C. Hypoglycemic, large for gestational age
- D. Hyperglycemic, small for gestational age
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neonates of diabetic mothers are often large for gestational age and at risk for hypoglycemia due to maternal glucose levels.