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The nurse is speaking with clients during a wellness fair. What information should the nurse provide to prevent or minimize burn injury? Select all that apply.
- A. Wear flame-retardant clothing, especially near flames.
- B. Use 'stop, drop, and roll' maneuvers if clothing is on fire.
- C. Burn candles that are placed only in glass containers.
- D. Put out a cooking fire by throwing salt on the fire.
- E. Install smoke detectors, including one by the furnace.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: The nurse should discuss flame-retardant clothing. 'Stop, drop, and roll' maneuvers should be used to minimize burn. Smoke detectors should be included throughout the home, including one near the furnace. It does not matter what type of container holds the burning candle. For a small fire on the stove, covering the flame with a lid is recommended.
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The client is diagnosed with a viral infection and the HCP has prescribed an antiviral medication to be administered by weight. The client weighs 220 pounds and the order reads 10 mg per kilogram per day to be administered in equally divided doses every six (6) hours. How many milligrams will be administered in one dose?
Correct Answer: 250
Rationale: 220 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 100 kg; 10 mg/kg/day = 1000 mg/day; 1000 mg ÷ 4 doses = 250 mg/dose.
The nurse in a dermatology clinic is taking the history of a client. Which questions should the nurse ask the client? Select all that apply.
- A. When did you first notice the skin problem?
- B. What cosmetics or skin products do you use?
- C. Have you experienced any loss of sensation?
- D. What is your current and previous occupation?
- E. Do you experience any itching, burning, or tingling?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: All listed questions assess onset, triggers, symptoms, and occupational exposures, critical for dermatologic history.
The client has had a squamous cell carcinoma removed from the lip. Which discharge instructions should the nurse provide?
- A. Notify the HCP if a nonhealing lesion develops around the mouth.
- B. Squamous cell carcinoma tumors do not metastasize.
- C. Limit foods to liquid or soft consistency for one (1) month.
- D. Apply heat to the area for 20 minutes every four (4) hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nonhealing lesions suggest recurrence, requiring HCP notification. Squamous cell carcinoma can metastasize, diet restrictions are unnecessary, and heat is inappropriate.
When assessing the client's skin the nurse notices a rounded area of hair loss with redness, pustules, and scales that appear greenish-yellow when exposed to a black light (Wood's lamp). The nurse should plan to implement treatment for which condition?
- A. Lyme disease
- B. Fungal infection
- C. Anaerobic infection
- D. Contact dermatitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A fungal infection that manifests on the scalp with red, scaly lesions and hair loss will appear either greenish-yellow or bluish-green under a Wood's lamp. Lyme disease produces a bull's-eye rash that does not fluoresce. Anaerobic infections have diffuse redness and do not fluoresce. Contact dermatitis does not display a discrete, rounded area of hair loss or fluoresce.
Which laboratory test should the nurse monitor to identify an allergic reaction for the client diagnosed with contact dermatitis?
- A. IgA.
- B. IgD.
- C. IgE.
- D. IgG.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: IgE mediates allergic reactions, elevated in contact dermatitis. IgA, IgD, and IgG are less relevant.