Nokea
The nurse is talking with a client who is scheduled for cardiac catheterization. Which of the following findings would be essential to follow up? Select all that apply.
- A. elevated serum C-reactive protein level
- B. previous allergic reaction to IV contrast
- C. prolonged PR interval on ECG
- D. received metformin today for type 2 diabetes mellitus
- E. elevated serum creatinine
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Allergy to contrast (B), recent metformin use (D), and elevated creatinine (E) increase risks during cardiac catheterization (anaphylaxis, lactic acidosis, and renal injury). CRP (A) and PR interval (C) are less urgent.
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The nurse is with a client with obsessive-compulsive disorder who counts backwards several times each day. Which of the following statements by the client would indicate an improvement in the client's condition? Select all that apply.
- A. I take a short, brisk walk to decompress when I begin to feel anxious.
- B. My neighbor goes grocery shopping for me because I get anxious and begin counting.
- C. Having a stressful job worsens my anxiety, but I use deep-breathing exercises to manage it.
- D. Counting helps me cope with my anxiety. It does not hurt anyone, and it is better than drinking alcohol.
- E. I used to start counting as soon as I boarded the bus, but now I can ride the bus for 30 minutes without counting.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Statements A, C, and E indicate improvement as the client uses adaptive coping strategies (walking, deep breathing) and reports reduced compulsive behavior (delayed counting). Statement B shows reliance on others, and D justifies the compulsion, both indicating no improvement.
The mother of a 2 year-old hospitalized child asks the nurse's advice about the child's screaming every time the mother gets ready to leave the hospital room. What is the best response by the nurse?
- A. I think you or your partner needs to stay with the child while in the hospital.'
- B. Oh, that is expected, so I would just ignore the behavior.'
- C. Perhaps you could gradually leave for short periods.'
- D. You should leave quickly to minimize the child's distress.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gradually increasing the time of separation can help the child adjust to the mother's absence, reducing anxiety and screaming over time.
The nurse assesses a client who has been re-admitted to the psychiatric inpatient unit for schizophrenia. His symptoms have been managed for several months with fluphenazine (Prolixin). Which should be a focus of the first assessment?
- A. Stressors in the home
- B. Medication compliance
- C. Exposure to hot temperatures
- D. Alcohol use
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Medication compliance. Ensuring adherence to fluphenazine is critical for symptom management in schizophrenia.
A client has been on lithium carbonate therapy for 7 days. Which of the following findings would be most important to report to the health care provider?
- A. Diarrhea, vomiting, and mild tremor
- B. Dry mouth and mild thirst
- C. Hyperactivity and auditory hallucinations
- D. Lithium level of 1.3 mEq/L (1.3 mmol/L)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diarrhea, vomiting, and tremor (A) suggest lithium toxicity, requiring immediate reporting. Dry mouth (B) is common, hallucinations (C) are unrelated, and a lithium level of 1.3 (D) is within therapeutic range.
The nurse is caring for a client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
- A. Administer vasopressin.
- B. Implement seizure precautions.
- C. Perform frequent neurological checks.
- D. Keep a strict record of fluid intake and output.
- E. Maintain an IV infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Seizure precautions (B), neurological checks (C), and strict I&O (D) manage SIADH complications like hyponatremia. Vasopressin (A) worsens SIADH, and normal saline (E) may not correct hyponatremia.