Nokea
The nurse is teaching a class on ethical principles in nursing. Which statement supports the definition of beneficence?
- A. The duty to prevent or avoid doing harm.
- B. The duty to actively do good for clients.
- C. The duty to be faithful to commitments.
- D. The duty to tell the truth to the clients.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beneficence is the duty to actively promote client well-being, per ethical principles. Nonmalfeasance, fidelity, and veracity are distinct principles.
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The client who is terminally ill called the significant others to the room and said goodbye, then dismissed them and now lies quietly and refuses to eat. The nurse understands the client is in what stage of the grieving process?
- A. Denial.
- B. Anger.
- C. Bargaining.
- D. Acceptance.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Saying goodbye and withdrawing quietly reflect acceptance in Kübler-Ross’s grief stages, common in terminal illness.
The Hispanic client who has terminal cancer is requesting a curandero to come to the bedside. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Tell the client it is against policy to allow faith healers.
- B. Assist with planning the visit from the curandero.
- C. Refer the client to the pastoral care department.
- D. Determine the reason the client needs the curandero.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Facilitating a curandero visit respects Hispanic cultural beliefs, per patient-centered care. Denying, referring, or questioning the need is less culturally sensitive.
The female client in the oncology clinic tells the nurse she has a great deal of pain but does not like to take pain medication. Which action should the nurse implement first?
- A. Tell the client it is important for her to take her medication.
- B. Find out how the client has been dealing with the pain.
- C. Have the HCP tell the client to take the pain medications.
- D. Instruct the client not to worry-the pain will resolve itself.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing coping strategies informs a tailored pain management plan, respecting client preferences. Forcing medication, HCP involvement, or dismissing pain is premature.
The male client diagnosed with chronic pain since a construction accident which broke several vertebrae tells the nurse he has been referred to a pain clinic and asks, 'What good will it do? I will never be free of this pain.' Which statement is the nurse's best response?
- A. Are you afraid of the pain never going away?
- B. The pain clinic will give you medication to cure the pain.
- C. Pain clinics work to help you achieve relief from pain.
- D. I am not sure. You should discuss this with your HCP.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain clinics offer multimodal relief (e.g., therapy, medications), addressing chronic pain holistically. Fear exploration, cure promises, or deferring to HCP is less supportive.
The client is on the ventilator and has been declared brain dead. The spouse refuses to allow the ventilator to be discontinued. Which collaborative action by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Discuss referral of the case to the ethics committee.
- B. Pull the plug when the spouse is not in the room.
- C. Ask the HCP to discuss the futile situation with the spouse.
- D. Inform the spouse what is happening is cruel.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ethics committee referral addresses conflicts over futile care, respecting family wishes and legal standards. Unilateral action, HCP discussion, or calling it cruel is inappropriate.